Tasks performed within a household, such as cooking, cleaning, and childcare.

Farming and plantation work, including planting, harvesting, and tending to livestock.

Enslaved people bound to institutions like churches, factories, or colleges, rather than individual owners.

The process of treating enslaved people and their skills as property that can be bought, sold, and exploited for profit.

A labor system where enslaved people worked in groups from sunrise to sunset under constant supervision.

A labor system where enslaved people worked individually until a daily quota was met, with less direct supervision.

Musical rhythms that emphasize off-beat or unexpected beats, often used in work songs of enslaved people.

A creole language developed in the Carolina lowcountry, combining West African languages and English.

The mutual reliance between the North and South due to the economic system of slavery, where the North benefited from processing and trading goods produced by enslaved labor.

Unequal distribution of wealth based on race, often stemming from historical injustices like slavery.

Work songs helped coordinate labor, foster unity, and express the hardships and emotions of enslaved life. They also preserved African musical traditions.

The Gullah language, a creole language, combined West African languages and English, preserving elements of African linguistic heritage and cultural identity.

Enslaved people used skills like music, storytelling, and crafts to maintain their culture, build community, and resist the dehumanizing effects of slavery.

Enslaved people's labor was diverse and crucial to the economy, yet they were denied its benefits.

Enslaved people worked in groups from sunrise to sunset under supervision, often for crops like cotton, sugar, and tobacco, leading to the creation of work songs.

Enslaved people worked individually until a daily quota was met, with less supervision, often for crops like rice and indigo, allowing for the preservation of linguistic practices.

Northern cities benefited from the slave economy through textile mills processing cotton, banks providing loans to Southern plantations, and merchants trading goods produced by enslaved labor.

Enslaved labor was the foundation of the American economy, contributing to cash crops, infrastructure, and skilled labor.

Slavery entrenched racial wealth disparities that persist today, with enslaved people having no wages, no property rights, and no ability to accumulate wealth.