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What is the effect of insulin release?
The liver takes up glucose and stores it as glycogen, lowering blood glucose levels.
What is the effect of glucagon release?
The liver breaks down glycogen into glucose, raising blood glucose levels.
What is the effect of oxytocin release during childbirth?
Uterine contractions become stronger and more frequent.
What is the effect of the liver becoming resistant to insulin (Type II Diabetes)?
Blood glucose levels remain high, leading to potential health issues.
What is the effect of insufficient insulin production (Type I Diabetes)?
Blood glucose levels remain high, as the liver doesn't take up glucose effectively.
What are the key differences between negative and positive feedback loops?
Negative Feedback: Reduces change, maintains homeostasis | Positive Feedback: Amplifies change, accelerates processes.
Compare Type I and Type II Diabetes.
Type I: Body doesn't produce enough insulin. | Type II: Liver becomes resistant to insulin.
What is the definition of homeostasis?
The maintenance of a stable internal environment.
What is a negative feedback loop?
A mechanism that reduces or reverses a change, bringing the system back to its set point.
What is a positive feedback loop?
A mechanism that amplifies a change, pushing the system further away from its initial state.
What is insulin?
A hormone released by the pancreas that signals the liver to take up glucose and store it as glycogen.
What is glucagon?
A hormone released by the pancreas that signals the liver to break down glycogen into glucose.
What is glycogen?
A long chain of sugar (glucose) used for energy storage in the liver.
What is oxytocin?
A hormone that stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth.