All Flashcards
What is dysentery?
Inflammatory disease of the intestine causing severe diarrhea with blood and mucus.
What is mesothelioma?
A rare cancer caused by asbestos exposure.
What is hypoxia?
Deficiency of oxygen in the body.
What is hypercapnia?
Excess of carbon dioxide in the blood.
What is aerobic respiration?
Uses oxygen to produce energy in the mitochondria, producing CO2 and H2O.
What is anaerobic respiration?
Occurs without oxygen, producing lactic acid or ethanol.
What is MRSA?
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, common in hospitals.
What is MDR-TB?
Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis, resistant to multiple TB drugs.
What is VRE?
Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, resistant to vancomycin.
What is CRE?
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, resistant to carbapenems.
How does malnutrition contribute to the spread of infectious diseases?
Weakens the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections.
How does poor sanitation contribute to the spread of infectious diseases?
Facilitates the transmission of waterborne diseases.
How does climate change impact vector-borne diseases?
Warmer temperatures increase the range of mosquitoes and ticks.
How does climate change impact waterborne diseases?
Flooding and water pollution increase the risk.
How does urbanization contribute to the spread of diseases?
Overcrowding, poor living conditions, and increased human-vector contact.
How does overuse of antibiotics lead to drug resistance?
It selects for bacteria that are resistant, allowing them to thrive and spread.
What is the role of the diaphragm in respiration?
Muscle that helps draw air into the lungs.
How is tropospheric ozone formed?
Chemical reactions between pollutants and VOCs in the presence of sunlight.
What are the health effects of tropospheric ozone?
Harmful to people with respiratory conditions.
What are the environmental effects of tropospheric ozone?
Damages crops and forests.
Define infectious disease.
A disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi.
What is MRSA?
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, a drug-resistant bacterium.
Define dysentery.
An inflammatory disease of the intestine causing severe diarrhea with blood and mucus.
What is mesothelioma?
A rare cancer caused by asbestos exposure.
Define hypoxia.
Deficiency of oxygen in the body.
Define hypercapnia.
Excess of carbon dioxide in the blood.
What is tropospheric ozone?
A harmful air pollutant found in the lower atmosphere.
Define aerobic respiration.
Respiration using oxygen to produce energy, yielding CO2 and H2O.
Define anaerobic respiration.
Respiration without oxygen, producing lactic acid or ethanol.
What are VOCs?
Volatile Organic Compounds, which react with pollutants to form tropospheric ozone.