All Flashcards
Cause: Commercial development. Effect?
Destroys habitats and reduces flood protection due to filling in wetlands.
Cause: Dam construction. Effect?
Diverts water flow, leading to drained wetlands, habitat loss, and reduced water purification.
Cause: Overfishing. Effect?
Collapse of the food web and loss of biodiversity, especially if keystone species are targeted.
Cause: Pollutant runoff. Effect?
Harms fish and other wildlife; can lead to cultural eutrophication.
Cause: Excess nutrients. Effect?
Cultural eutrophication, leading to algae blooms, disrupting the ecosystem, and reducing biodiversity.
Cause: Loss of wetlands. Effect?
Increased flooding, decreased water purification, loss of habitat for numerous species.
Cause: Healthy wetlands. Effect?
Water purification, flood control, habitat provision, and carbon sequestration.
Cause: Removal of mangroves. Effect?
Increased coastal erosion, loss of habitat for marine species, reduced storm surge protection.
Cause: Climate change. Effect?
Sea level rise, altered salinity levels in coastal wetlands, and shifts in species distribution.
Cause: Increased sedimentation. Effect?
Smothers aquatic vegetation, reduces water depth, and alters wetland habitat.
Define wetlands.
Areas where water covers the soil part or all of the time; transition zones between land and water.
What are coastal/tidal wetlands?
Wetlands associated with estuaries where freshwater meets saltwater; salinity varies.
What are inland/non-tidal wetlands?
Wetlands found near rivers, streams, lakes, and ponds (e.g., swamps and marshes).
Define mangroves.
Special trees and shrubs that thrive in salty coastal intertidal zones.
What is an estuary?
Area where freshwater meets saltwater, creating unique conditions that support diverse life.
Define cultural eutrophication.
Excess nutrients from pollutants cause algae blooms, disrupting the ecosystem and reducing biodiversity; caused by human activity.
What is a keystone species?
A species that plays a critical role in the ecosystem.
Define water purification in wetlands.
The process by which wetlands filter pollutants from runoff before they reach larger bodies of water.
Define flood protection in wetlands.
The ability of wetlands to absorb excess water during heavy rainfall, preventing flooding.
Define habitat in the context of wetlands.
Wetlands serve as homes to many species, including amphibians, fish, and birds; biodiversity hotspots.
What is the effect of commercial development on wetlands?
Destroys habitats, reduces flood protection, and decreases biodiversity.
What is the effect of dam construction on wetlands?
Diverts water flow, leading to drained wetlands, habitat loss, and reduced water purification.
What is the effect of overfishing on wetlands?
Can lead to a collapse of the food web and a loss of biodiversity, especially if keystone species are targeted.
What is the effect of pollutant runoff on wetlands?
Harms fish and other wildlife; excess nutrients cause cultural eutrophication, disrupting the ecosystem and reducing biodiversity.
What are the consequences of filling in wetlands?
Loss of habitat, reduced flood protection, and decreased water purification.
What is the impact of excess nutrients on wetlands?
Cultural eutrophication, leading to algae blooms, oxygen depletion, and reduced biodiversity.
How does altering wetlands affect flood control?
Reduces their ability to absorb excess water, increasing the risk and severity of flooding.
What is the effect of salinity changes on wetlands?
Can impact plant and animal life, particularly in coastal wetlands and estuaries.
What is the effect of decreased water flow on wetlands?
Leads to drained wetlands, loss of habitat, and reduced water purification.
What is the effect of increased greenhouse gases on wetlands?
Can lead to climate change, affecting water levels and species distribution in wetlands.