All Flashcards
What was the significance of the invention of the Printing Press?
Revolutionized information spread, making it faster, cheaper, and more accessible.
What was the impact of the spread of Luther's 95 Theses?
Sparked widespread debate and challenged the authority of the Catholic Church.
What did the translation of the Bible into vernacular languages achieve?
Allowed more people to read and interpret the Bible themselves, reducing reliance on the Church.
What was the main outcome of the Peace of Augsburg?
Allowed rulers to choose the religion of their territory (Catholicism or Lutheranism).
What was the result of Henry VIII establishing the Anglican Church?
Consolidated state power over religious institutions in England.
What was the impact of religious persecution on groups like the Huguenots?
Led to migrations and conflicts, and challenged monarchical control over religion.
What was the effect of the printing press on the spread of religious ideas?
It greatly accelerated the spread of Reformation ideas, making them accessible to a wider audience.
What was the result of the challenges to monarchical control?
Increased religious diversity and conflict, and questioned the divine right of kings.
What was the significance of the translation of the Bible into German?
Made the Bible accessible to the German-speaking population, fostering individual interpretation.
What was the impact of the Reformation on the relationship between church and state?
It complicated the relationship, leading to power struggles and varying degrees of state control over religion.
What is the Printing Press?
A device using movable type for mass production of texts, invented by Johannes Gutenberg.
What are Religious Tracts?
Short pamphlets or leaflets dealing with religious issues.
What does Vernacular mean?
The common, everyday language of a region or country.
What is the Peace of Augsburg?
A treaty that allowed princes in the Holy Roman Empire to choose the religion (Lutheranism or Catholicism) of their territory.
What is the Anglican Church?
The Church of England, established by Henry VIII, with the monarch as its head.
Who were the Calvinists?
Followers of John Calvin's theological teachings during the Reformation.
Who were the Puritans?
English Calvinists who sought to purify the Church of England from Catholic practices.
Who were the Huguenots?
French Calvinists who faced persecution in Catholic France.
Who were the Anabaptists?
Radical reformers who believed in adult baptism and separation of church and state.
What are the 95 Theses?
Martin Luther's statements challenging the Catholic Church's practices, especially indulgences.
What were the causes and effects of the invention of the printing press?
Causes: Demand for faster and cheaper book production. Effects: Rapid dissemination of ideas, spread of Reformation, increased literacy.
What were the causes and effects of the spread of the Reformation?
Causes: Corruption in the Catholic Church, desire for religious reform, printing press. Effects: Religious wars, new Protestant denominations, changes in church-state relations.
What were the causes and effects of the Peace of Augsburg?
Causes: Religious divisions within the Holy Roman Empire. Effects: Temporary resolution allowing rulers to choose their territory's religion, but not the common people.
What were the causes and effects of Henry VIII's establishment of the Anglican Church?
Causes: Henry's desire for a divorce and greater control over the Church. Effects: Consolidation of state power over religious institutions in England.
What were the causes and effects of the challenges to monarchical control over religion?
Causes: Desire for religious freedom, differing theological beliefs. Effects: Persecution of religious minorities, religious wars, questioning of the divine right of kings.
What were the causes and effects of Luther's 95 Theses?
Causes: Luther's opposition to indulgences and corruption in the Catholic Church. Effects: Sparked the Protestant Reformation and challenged papal authority.
What were the causes and effects of the translation of the Bible into vernacular languages?
Causes: Desire for greater accessibility to scripture. Effects: Increased individual interpretation and challenged the authority of the Catholic Church.
What were the causes and effects of the rise of Calvinism?
Causes: John Calvin's theological teachings and desire for religious reform. Effects: Spread of Calvinist ideas, influence on groups like Puritans and Huguenots.
What were the causes and effects of the religious persecution during the Reformation?
Causes: Religious intolerance and power struggles. Effects: Migration of religious minorities and religious wars.
What were the causes and effects of the Reformation on education?
Causes: Desire for greater religious understanding. Effects: Increased literacy and the establishment of new schools and universities.