All Flashcards
What were the causes and effects of the Protestant Reformation?
Causes: Corruption in the Catholic Church. Effects: The Catholic Reformation, religious wars.
What were the causes and effects of the Council of Trent?
Causes: The Protestant Reformation. Effects: Clarification of Catholic doctrine, reforms in Church practices.
What were the causes and effects of the founding of the Jesuit Order?
Causes: Counter the Protestant Reformation. Effects: Spread of Catholic teachings through education and missionary work.
What were the causes and effects of the Index of Prohibited Books?
Causes: Concern about the spread of heretical ideas. Effects: Control over intellectual life, protection of the faith.
What was the effect of reaffirming traditional Catholic doctrine?
Reinforced core beliefs and provided a clear identity for Catholics.
What was the effect of reforming Church practices?
Addressed corruption and improved the Church's image.
What was the effect of establishing new religious orders?
Provided new avenues for religious devotion and service.
What was the effect of creating seminaries for priest training?
Improved the quality and education of priests.
What was the effect of banning the sale of indulgences?
Addressed a major source of corruption within the Church.
What was the effect of the rise of Baroque art?
Promoted Catholic teachings through dramatic and emotional imagery.
Compare the Catholic Reformation and the Protestant Reformation.
Catholic Reformation: Response to Protestantism, internal reforms. Protestant Reformation: Break from the Catholic Church, new Christian denominations.
Compare Baroque art and Renaissance art.
Baroque: Grandeur, drama, emotion. Renaissance: Balance, harmony, classical themes.
Compare the goals of the Council of Trent and the goals of Protestant reformers.
Council of Trent: Reform the Catholic Church from within. Protestant reformers: Establish new Christian denominations.
Compare the Jesuit approach to missionary work with other missionary approaches.
Jesuits: Intellectual rigor, education. Other approaches: Varying levels of cultural sensitivity and adaptation.
Compare the use of art in the Catholic Reformation with its use in the Protestant Reformation.
Catholic Reformation: Baroque art to inspire emotion and reinforce doctrine. Protestant Reformation: Simpler art, focus on scripture.
Compare the role of the Pope before and after the Catholic Reformation.
Before: Authority challenged by Protestantism. After: Authority reaffirmed, but with reforms.
Compare the education of priests before and after the Catholic Reformation.
Before: Often inadequate. After: Improved through the establishment of seminaries.
Compare the Catholic Church's view of salvation before and after the Catholic Reformation.
Before: Faith and good works. After: Reaffirmed faith and good works in response to Protestant emphasis on faith alone.
Compare the causes of the Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Reformation.
Protestant Reformation: Corruption and abuses within the Catholic Church. Catholic Reformation: Response to the challenges posed by the Protestant Reformation.
Compare the impact of the Printing Press on the Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Reformation.
Protestant Reformation: facilitated the rapid spread of Protestant ideas. Catholic Reformation: used to disseminate Catholic teachings and counter Protestant propaganda.
Who was Ignatius of Loyola?
Founder of the Jesuit Order and author of 'Spiritual Exercises'.
Who was Teresa of Avila?
A reformer who focused on spiritual warfare and strict spiritual practices.
Who was Martin Luther?
A key figure in the Protestant Reformation whose actions spurred the Catholic Reformation.
Who was Pope Paul IV?
The Pope who first published the Index of Prohibited Books in 1559.
Who was Pope Leo X?
Pope who excommunicated Martin Luther in 1521.
Who was Francis Xavier?
Co-founded the Jesuit Order with Ignatius of Loyola in 1539.
What was Ignatius of Loyola known for?
Founding the Jesuit Order and writing 'Spiritual Exercises'.
What was Teresa of Avila known for?
Reforming the Carmelite Order.
What was Martin Luther known for?
Sparking the Protestant Reformation with his Ninety-Five Theses.
What was Pope Paul IV known for?
Publishing the first Index of Prohibited Books.