All Flashcards
What is a system in physics?
A collection of objects chosen for analysis, treated as having no internal structure for the analysis.
What is a closed system?
A system that does not exchange matter or energy with its surroundings.
What is an open system?
A system that exchanges matter and/or energy with its surroundings.
What is dynamic equilibrium?
Changes occur, but the system returns to equilibrium.
What are quarks?
The smallest units of matter that make up protons and neutrons.
What are the steps to analyzing a system using Newton's Second Law?
- Define the system. 2. Identify external forces. 3. Calculate net external force. 4. Apply ΣF = ma to find acceleration.
What are the steps to solving a problem involving a box on an incline?
- Define the system (box, incline, etc.). 2. Identify external forces (gravity, normal force). 3. Apply ΣF = ma. 4. Calculate normal force (N = mg*cos(θ)).
What is the difference between a closed and open system?
Closed System: No exchange of matter or energy. | Open System: Exchanges matter and/or energy.
What is the difference between up and down quarks?
Up Quarks: Positive charge. | Down Quarks: Negative charge.
What is the difference between internal and external forces?
Internal Forces: Forces within the system, often ignored when analyzing the whole system. | External Forces: Forces acting on the system from outside, affecting the system's overall motion.
What is the difference between equilibrium and dynamic equilibrium?
Equilibrium: No change over time. | Dynamic Equilibrium: Changes occur, but the system returns to equilibrium.
What is the difference between protons and neutrons?
Protons: Two up quarks and one down quark (positive charge). | Neutrons: Combination of up and down quarks (neutral charge).