All Flashcards
What happens when a net force acts on an object?
The object accelerates (Newton's Second Law).
What happens when the net force on an object is zero?
The object is in equilibrium (either at rest or moving with constant velocity).
What happens when two or more waves overlap?
Their displacements add together (Superposition).
What happens when waves meet in phase?
Constructive interference occurs, producing a larger amplitude.
What happens when waves meet out of phase?
Destructive interference occurs, producing a smaller amplitude.
What is the effect when the observer moves towards the source in the Doppler effect?
The observed frequency increases.
What is the effect when the observer moves away from the source in the Doppler effect?
The observed frequency decreases.
What are the steps to draw a Free-Body Diagram (FBD)?
- Draw a dot to represent the object. 2. Draw arrows representing all forces acting on the object. 3. Label each force with its symbol. 4. Choose a coordinate system and resolve forces into components if needed.
What are the differences between displacement and distance?
Displacement: change in position, vector | Distance: total path length, scalar
What are the differences between velocity and speed?
Velocity: rate of change of displacement, vector | Speed: rate of change of distance, scalar
What is the difference between elastic and inelastic collisions?
Elastic Collisions: Both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved | Inelastic Collisions: Momentum is conserved, but kinetic energy is not.
What is the difference between reflection and refraction?
Reflection: The bouncing of waves off a surface | Refraction: The bending of waves as they pass from one medium to another.
Compare conservative and non-conservative forces.
Conservative forces: Total mechanical energy is constant. | Non-conservative forces: Dissipate energy (e.g., friction, air resistance).