All Flashcards
What is the effect of increasing the temperature of a gas in a closed container?
The average speed of the gas atoms increases, leading to more frequent and forceful collisions with the container walls, which increases pressure.
What is the effect of decreasing the volume of a gas while keeping the temperature constant?
The pressure of the gas increases because the atoms collide more frequently with the container walls.
What is the effect of increasing the average kinetic energy of gas molecules?
The temperature of the gas increases.
What is the effect of more frequent collisions of gas molecules with container walls?
An increase in pressure.
What is the effect of slowing down the atoms in a gas?
Cooling a gas slows down the atoms, decreasing their kinetic energy and the temperature.
Define Pressure in the context of Kinetic Theory.
Pressure is the total force exerted by gas atoms colliding with a surface, divided by the area of that surface.
Define Temperature in the context of Kinetic Theory.
Temperature is directly related to the average kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules within a substance.
What is Kinetic Theory?
Kinetic Theory explains the macroscopic properties of gases in terms of the motion of atoms and molecules.
Define average kinetic energy.
The average kinetic energy is the average of the kinetic energies of all the particles in a system. It is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the system.
What is meant by 'conservation of momentum' in atomic collisions?
In collisions between gas atoms, the total momentum of the system remains constant, meaning momentum is neither lost nor gained.
What is the effect of increasing the temperature of a gas in a closed container?
Increasing the temperature increases the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules, leading to more frequent and forceful collisions with the container walls, thus increasing the pressure.
What happens when gas molecules collide with the walls of a container?
The collisions exert a force on the walls. The sum of these forces over the area of the walls determines the pressure exerted by the gas.
What is the effect of decreasing the volume of a gas at constant temperature?
Decreasing the volume increases the frequency of collisions of gas molecules with the container walls, resulting in an increase in pressure.
What happens if the average speed of gas molecules increases?
An increase in the average speed of gas molecules leads to a higher average kinetic energy, resulting in an increase in temperature and a potential increase in pressure if the volume is constant.
What is the effect of adding more gas molecules to a container?
Adding more gas molecules increases the number of collisions with the container walls, resulting in an increase in pressure, assuming volume and temperature are constant.