All Flashcards
How do you calculate work done by a system at constant pressure?
W = -PΔV, where P is pressure and ΔV is the change in volume.
Describe the steps to determine the change in internal energy of a system using the First Law of Thermodynamics.
- Identify the heat added to the system (Q). 2. Determine the work done on the system (W). 3. Apply the formula ΔU = Q + W.
What is the effect of adding heat to a closed system?
The internal energy of the system increases (ΔU increases), assuming no work is done by the system.
What is the effect of compressing a gas adiabatically?
The temperature of the gas increases because work is done on the system, increasing its internal energy, and no heat is allowed to escape.
What happens to the internal energy of an ideal gas during an isothermal expansion?
The internal energy remains constant because the temperature is constant, and for an ideal gas, internal energy depends only on temperature.
What is the effect of an isovolumetric process on work done?
Since there is no change in volume (ΔV = 0), no work is done (W = 0).
Define Internal Energy (U).
The total energy stored within a system, including the kinetic energy of particles and the potential energy due to interactions between them.
What is an Isovolumetric process?
A thermodynamic process where the volume remains constant (ΔV = 0).
What is an Isothermal process?
A thermodynamic process where the temperature remains constant (ΔT = 0).
What is an Isobaric process?
A thermodynamic process where the pressure remains constant (ΔP = 0).
What is an Adiabatic process?
A thermodynamic process where there is no heat transfer (Q = 0) between the system and its surroundings.
Define the First Law of Thermodynamics.
The change in internal energy (ΔU) of a closed system equals the heat added (Q) to the system plus the work done (W) on the system: ΔU = Q + W.