All Flashcards
Compare exothermic and endothermic reactions.
Exothermic: Releases heat, temperature increases, products have less energy. Endothermic: Absorbs heat, temperature decreases, products have more energy.
Compare positive and negative Q values.
Positive Q: Exothermic, energy released, reaction can occur spontaneously. Negative Q: Endothermic, energy required, reaction cannot occur spontaneously.
Define mass-energy equivalence.
The concept that mass and energy are interchangeable, as described by .
What is disintegration energy (Q)?
The energy released or absorbed during a nuclear reaction.
Define an exothermic reaction.
A reaction that releases heat energy into the surroundings.
Define an endothermic reaction.
A reaction that absorbs heat energy from the surroundings.
What is 'c' in ?
The speed of light (approximately 3 x 10^8 m/s).
Define heat of reaction.
The heat absorbed or released in a chemical reaction.
What is the effect of a positive Q value?
The nuclear reaction is exothermic, and energy is released.
What is the effect of a negative Q value?
The nuclear reaction is endothermic, and energy must be supplied for the reaction to occur.
What happens when mass decreases in a nuclear reaction?
Energy is released, according to .
What happens to the surroundings in an exothermic reaction?
The temperature of the surroundings increases as heat is released.
What happens to the surroundings in an endothermic reaction?
The temperature of the surroundings decreases as heat is absorbed.