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All Flashcards
What is motivation?
The 'why' behind our actions; what gets us going.
What is homeostasis?
Maintaining a stable internal environment.
What is intrinsic motivation?
Doing something because you genuinely enjoy it.
What is extrinsic motivation?
Doing something for external rewards or to avoid punishment.
What are incentives?
External rewards that motivate us, can be positive or negative.
What are instinctive behaviors?
Innate, fixed actions triggered by specific stimuli.
What is ghrelin?
The 'hunger hormone' released by your stomach.
What is leptin?
The 'satiety hormone' released by fat cells.
What is experience seeking?
Desire for new sensory and mental experiences.
What is thrill and adventure seeking?
Love for physically risky activities.
Compare Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation.
Intrinsic: internal enjoyment; Extrinsic: external rewards/punishment.
Compare Drive-Reduction Theory and Arousal Theory.
Drive-Reduction: homeostasis; Arousal: optimal level of stimulation.
Compare Approach-Approach and Avoidance-Avoidance Conflicts.
Approach-Approach: choosing between two good things; Avoidance-Avoidance: choosing between two bad things.
Compare Ghrelin and Leptin.
Ghrelin: signals hunger; Leptin: signals satiety.
Compare Instinctive Behaviors and Human Behaviors.
Instinctive Behaviors: innate, fixed actions triggered by specific stimuli; Human Behaviors: influenced by learning and conscious thought, not just instincts.
Compare Experience Seeking and Thrill and Adventure Seeking.
Experience Seeking: Desire for new sensory and mental experiences; Thrill and Adventure Seeking: Love for physically risky activities.
Compare Drive Reduction Theory and Incentive Theory.
Drive Reduction Theory: motivation to reduce internal tension; Incentive Theory: motivation due to external rewards.
Compare Approach-Avoidance and Approach-Approach Conflicts.
Approach-Avoidance: one choice with both good and bad aspects; Approach-Approach: choosing between two good things.
Compare Disinhibition and Boredom Susceptibility.
Disinhibition: Seeking thrills through social activities; Boredom Susceptibility: Hating monotony and needing constant change.
Compare high and low levels of arousal in Yerkes-Dodson Law.
High arousal leads to anxiety and impaired performance; Low arousal leads to boredom and lack of motivation.
What is Drive-Reduction Theory?
Body seeks homeostasis; drives are created to reduce physiological needs.
What is Arousal Theory?
We aim for an optimal level of arousal; too little, we're bored; too much, we're stressed.
What is Self-Determination Theory?
Highlights that not all motivation is created equal, differentiates between intrinsic and extrinsic.
What is Incentive Theory?
External rewards motivate us; incentives can be positive or negative.
What is Yerkes-Dodson Law?
Performance is best at a moderate arousal level; too low or too high arousal = poor performance.
What is Approach-Approach Conflict?
Choosing between two good things.
What is Approach-Avoidance Conflict?
One choice with both good and bad aspects.
What is Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict?
Choosing between two bad things.
What is Sensation-Seeking Theory?
Some individuals are wired for more excitement and novel experiences.
What is the role of the hypothalamus in eating behavior?
It's the brain's 'hunger control center,' regulating hormones to maintain energy balance.