All Flashcards
Give an example of using an algorithm to solve a real-world problem.
Following a recipe step-by-step to bake a cake.
Give an example of using a heuristic to solve a real-world problem.
Trying different routes to work to find the fastest one.
How can understanding mental set help in overcoming challenges?
By recognizing when you're stuck using old methods and consciously trying new approaches.
How is deductive reasoning used in creating mind maps?
Starting with a central idea and branching out into specific details.
How does Sherlock Holmes use inductive reasoning?
By gathering specific clues and observations to form a general conclusion about a crime.
How can divergent thinking be applied in brainstorming sessions?
By encouraging participants to generate as many different ideas as possible without focusing on a single solution.
How is trial and error used in product development?
Trying different designs or features until one meets the desired criteria.
How might intuition be used by doctors in diagnosing patients?
A doctor might have a 'gut feeling' about a diagnosis based on past experiences, even before all the test results are in.
Give an example of insight in scientific discovery.
Wolfgang Kohler's chimpanzees suddenly realizing they could use tools to reach bananas.
How can a venturesome personality contribute to creative problem-solving?
Being willing to take risks and try new things can lead to innovative solutions.
What is an algorithm?
A methodical, step-by-step procedure that guarantees a solution to a particular problem.
What is a heuristic?
A mental shortcut or “rule of thumb” that allows for quick problem-solving, but may be prone to errors.
Define mental set.
The tendency to approach problems in a way that has worked in the past, even if it's not the best method.
What is fixation?
The inability to see a problem from a fresh perspective.
Define intuition.
An automatic thought or a “gut feeling” that arises without conscious reasoning.
What is insight?
The sudden realization of a solution to a problem.
What is inductive reasoning?
Reasoning from specific observations to general conclusions.
What is deductive reasoning?
Reasoning from general principles to specific conclusions.
Define creativity.
The ability to produce ideas that are valuable and original.
What is convergent thinking?
Focusing on finding the single best solution to a problem.
What is divergent thinking?
Exploring multiple possible solutions to a problem.
Explain the process-oriented nature of algorithms.
Algorithms focus on the method rather than the speed of finding a solution.
Explain the result-oriented nature of heuristics.
Heuristics focus on finding a solution quickly, even if it's not perfect.
When is it best to use an algorithm?
Use when accuracy is crucial and you have time to follow all steps.
When is it best to use a heuristic?
Use when you need a quick solution and don't have time for a detailed approach.
Explain how a mental set can hinder problem-solving.
It can cause you to apply old methods to new situations where they are not effective.
How does fixation affect problem-solving?
It limits your ability to see alternative solutions or approaches to the problem.
What is the role of expertise in creativity?
The more knowledge you have, the more ideas you can generate.
Explain the threshold theory in relation to intelligence and creativity.
A certain level of intelligence is necessary for creative work, but it's not enough on its own.
Describe the role of intrinsic motivation in creativity.
Being driven by your own interests and satisfaction fosters creativity.
How does a creative environment support creativity?
A supportive environment fosters creativity by encouraging new ideas and risk-taking.