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What is the effect of fixation in a psychosexual stage?
It can lead to personality problems in adulthood.
What is the effect of high self-efficacy?
Increased motivation, persistence, and success in achieving goals.
What can cause feelings of inferiority, according to Adler?
Social tensions and a drive for superiority.
What are personality inventories?
Questionnaires designed to assess specific personality traits.
What is reciprocal determinism?
Personality is shaped by the interaction of personal factors, behavior, and environment.
What is the 'id' in Freud's theory?
The part of the personality focused on the pleasure principle.
What is the 'ego' in Freud's theory?
The part of the personality focused on the reality principle.
What is the 'superego' in Freud's theory?
The part of the personality focused on morality.
Define 'collective unconscious'.
Jung's concept of a shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species' history.
What is self-actualization?
The process of fulfilling our potential, according to Maslow.
Define 'unconditional positive regard'.
Acceptance and support regardless of what a person says or does.
What is a personality trait?
A stable and enduring pattern of behavior.
What is the false consensus effect?
The tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors.
What is self-esteem?
An individual's overall self-evaluation or sense of self-worth.
List Freud's psychosexual stages.
Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latent, Genital.
What is the order of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
Physiological, Safety, Love/Belonging, Esteem, Self-Actualization.