All Flashcards
Define primary source.
Direct evidence from the time period or event being studied; firsthand accounts.
Define secondary source.
Analysis or interpretation of primary sources; created after the event.
What is a bibliography?
A list of sources used in a research project, often leading to more relevant sources.
Define Boolean operators.
Terms like AND, OR, and NOT used to refine searches in databases.
What does 'AND' do in Boolean searches?
Narrows the search by requiring both terms to be present.
What does 'OR' do in Boolean searches?
Broadens the search by including results that contain either term.
What does 'NOT' do in Boolean searches?
Excludes results containing a specific term.
What is a hypothesis?
A testable prediction or statement about the relationship between variables.
Define peer-reviewed study.
A study that has been evaluated by experts in the field before publication.
What is ethical approval in research?
Permission from an ethics committee to conduct research involving human or animal subjects, ensuring safety and rights.
When are letters and diaries useful?
As primary sources providing firsthand accounts of events or personal experiences.
When are textbooks useful?
As secondary sources offering summaries and interpretations of existing knowledge.
When is it appropriate to model an experiment after a peer-reviewed study?
When your research question is similar, ensuring ethical considerations are met.
When should you use Google Forms or SurveyMonkey?
For collecting data in behavioral studies through surveys and questionnaires.
When is analyzing social media content appropriate?
When the research focuses on the content itself, such as language analysis in tweets.
When is EBSCO a useful research tool?
For finding reliable and top-notch sources, especially for academic research.
When is a bibliography most useful?
When you find a relevant study and want to discover other related sources.
When is it okay if research doesn't support your hypothesis?
It's acceptable, as the data still provides valuable insights and contributes to the research process.
When should you seek ethical approval?
Before conducting any research involving human or animal subjects to ensure ethical standards are met.
When are newspaper articles considered primary sources?
When they are from the time period of the event being studied.
When should you use MLA citation style?
For historical research.
When should you use APA citation style?
For scientific research.
Why is it important to cite sources properly?
To avoid plagiarism and give credit to the original authors.
What is the purpose of ethical approval?
To ensure research is conducted safely and ethically, protecting participants' rights.
What are the key elements of informed consent?
Voluntary participation, understanding the risks and benefits, and the right to withdraw.
Why is confidentiality important in research?
To protect the privacy of participants and maintain the integrity of the data.
What resources can help ensure accurate citations?
Purdue OWL is a reliable tool for checking citation formats.
What are some common ethical pitfalls to avoid?
Failing to obtain informed consent, not ensuring confidentiality, and conducting research without ethical approval.
What steps can be taken to avoid plagiarism?
Properly citing all sources, paraphrasing carefully, and using quotation marks when necessary.
What is the role of an Institutional Review Board (IRB)?
To review and approve research proposals involving human subjects to ensure ethical standards are met.