All Flashcards
What is the definition of Albany Plan?
Ben Franklin's plan for a unified colonial government to address common issues like defense; rejected by both the colonies and Britain.
What is the definition of Proclamation of 1763?
British decree prohibiting colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains.
What is the definition of Guerrilla tactics?
Military tactics using ambushes and raids.
What is the definition of Treaty of Paris (1763)?
The treaty that officially ended the French and Indian War, resulting in significant territorial changes in North America.
What is the definition of Colonial Unity?
The idea of the colonies working together for common goals.
What is the definition of 'No taxation without representation'?
The belief that the colonists should not be taxed without having representation in the British Parliament.
What is the definition of 'Western Expansion'?
The movement of settlers and settlement into the American West.
What is the definition of 'Prime Minister'?
The head of government in a parliamentary system.
What is the definition of 'Colonial Assembly'?
A representative body in the colonies.
What is the definition of 'Self-governance'?
The idea that a colony or country should govern itself.
What happened during the Battle of Fort Necessity (1754)?
George Washington was defeated, marking the start of the French and Indian War.
What happened during General Braddock's Expedition (1755)?
A major British defeat near Fort Duquesne due to ambush and logistical issues.
What happened during the Albany Congress (1754)?
An attempt to secure Iroquois alliance and unify colonies; resulted in Ben Franklin's Albany Plan, which was ultimately rejected.
What happened during the Battle of Quebec (1759)?
A major British victory and turning point; both Generals Wolfe and Montcalm died.
What were the results of the Treaty of Paris (1763)?
France ceded Canada and lands east of the Mississippi to Britain; Spain ceded Florida to Britain and received French lands west of the Mississippi and New Orleans.
What was the significance of the Proclamation of 1763?
It prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains, angering colonists.
What was the purpose of the Ohio River Valley?
It was crucial for both the British (western expansion) and the French (linking Canada and the Mississippi Valley).
What were the British weaknesses in the early conflicts?
British troops were not used to the guerrilla tactics of the French and Native Americans, along with logistical issues.
What was William Pitt's Leadership?
As Prime Minister, Pitt increased military funding and implemented reforms.
What was the Colonial Compromise?
Pitt reimbursed colonial assemblies for their costs, boosting morale.
What were the causes and effects of the French and Indian War?
Causes: European power struggle, competition for land, Ohio River Valley dispute. Effects: Increased colonial confidence, Proclamation of 1763, financial burdens on Britain, increased taxes on colonies.
What were the causes and effects of the Proclamation of 1763?
Cause: British desire to prevent conflict with Native Americans after the French and Indian War. Effect: Colonial resentment and disregard for the law, fueling tensions with Britain.
What were the causes and effects of the Albany Plan of Union?
Cause: Need for colonial unity against the French. Effect: Plan rejected, but it set the stage for colonial unity.
What were the causes and effects of the Battle of Quebec?
Cause: British effort to defeat the French in North America. Effect: Major turning point in the war, leading to British victory.
What were the causes and effects of British taxation policies after the war?
Cause: War debts. Effect: Colonial resentment and resistance, leading to the American Revolution.
What were the causes and effects of the Ohio River Valley dispute?
Cause: Strategic importance for both the British and French. Effect: Triggered the French and Indian War.
What were the causes and effects of the Treaty of Paris (1763)?
Cause: End the French and Indian War. Effect: France ceded Canada and lands east of the Mississippi to Britain, Spain ceded Florida to Britain and received French lands west of the Mississippi and New Orleans.
What were the causes and effects of William Pitt's Leadership?
Cause: The British were losing the war. Effect: Pitt increased military funding and implemented reforms, leading to British victories.
What were the causes and effects of the Colonial Compromise?
Cause: Pitt reimbursed colonial assemblies for their costs. Effect: Boosting morale.
What were the causes and effects of the British weaknesses?
Cause: British troops were not used to the guerrilla tactics of the French and Native Americans, along with logistical issues. Effect: A major British defeat near Fort Duquesne.