All Flashcards
Who was Andrew Jackson?
U.S. president who expanded executive power and championed the 'common man'.
Who was John C. Calhoun?
Vice President who advocated for states' rights and nullification.
Who was Henry Clay?
Whig leader who supported the National Bank and internal improvements.
Who was Martin Van Buren?
President during the Panic of 1837, continued Jackson's policies.
Who was John Quincy Adams?
President before Jackson, accused of making a 'corrupt bargain'.
Who was Nicholas Biddle?
President of the Second Bank of the United States.
Who was Peggy Eaton?
Wife of the Secretary of War, subject of a social scandal that divided Jackson's cabinet.
Who were the Cherokee?
Native American tribe forcibly removed from their lands during the Trail of Tears.
Who were the Whigs?
Political party formed in opposition to Andrew Jackson.
Who were the Democrats?
Political party led by Andrew Jackson, advocating for limited federal government.
Compare the Democrats and Whigs.
Democrats: limited government, states' rights. Whigs: active government, national bank.
Compare Jackson's and Adams' approach to presidency.
Jackson: strong executive, popular appeal. Adams: less assertive, perceived elitism.
Compare the views of Jackson and Calhoun on states' rights.
Jackson: Supported states' rights but upheld federal supremacy. Calhoun: Advocated for nullification.
Compare the economic policies of Jackson and Van Buren.
Both favored hard money policies, but Van Buren faced the consequences of Jackson's bank war.
Compare the First and Second Bank of the United States.
Both aimed to stabilize the economy, but Jackson opposed the Second Bank due to its perceived elitism.
Compare the views of Democrats and Whigs on economic development.
Democrats favored westward expansion and agriculture, while Whigs supported industrialization and internal improvements.
Compare Jackson's use of presidential power with previous presidents.
Jackson used the veto power more frequently and asserted greater executive authority.
Compare the causes of the Panic of 1819 and the Panic of 1837.
Panic of 1819: Over speculation in land. Panic of 1837: Jackson's banking policies and falling cotton prices.
Compare the positions of the North and South on tariffs.
North favored protective tariffs to promote industry, while the South opposed them due to increased costs.
Compare the approaches of Jackson and Van Buren to the issue of Texas annexation.
Jackson recognized Texas independence, while Van Buren opposed annexation due to slavery concerns.
What is the 'Spoils System'?
Practice of rewarding political supporters with government positions.
Define 'Tariff of Abominations'.
Protective tariff of 1828 that angered Southern states.
What is 'Nullification'?
Doctrine that states can invalidate federal laws deemed unconstitutional.
Define 'Specie Circular'.
Jackson's order requiring land purchases to be made with gold or silver.
What is 'Hard Money Policy'?
Economic policy favoring gold and silver over paper currency.
Define 'Patronage'.
Granting government jobs to political supporters.
What is the 'Force Bill'?
Authorized Jackson to use military force to enforce federal law in South Carolina.
What is a 'Protective Tariff'?
A tariff designed to shield domestic industries from foreign competition.
Define 'Mudslinging'.
Use of insults and accusations, especially unjust ones, with the aim of damaging the reputation of an opponent.
What is 'Suffrage'?
The right to vote in political elections.