Mobilizing all of a society's resources (economic, political, social) for military victory.

The North's strategy to strangle the South by blockading ports and the Mississippi River.

Refers to slaves who escaped to the Union side and were considered captured enemy property.

A military strategy involving the deliberate destruction of resources to deprive the enemy.

Armored, steam-powered ships that revolutionized naval warfare.

Fighting from fortified ditches, offering protection but often leading to stalemates.

Executive order issued by Lincoln in 1863, declaring slaves free in Confederate-held territory.

A speech by Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War at the dedication of the Soldiers' National Cemetery in Gettysburg.

Compulsory enlistment of people in a national service, most often the military service.

Information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view.

Cause: Antietam. Effects: Kept Europe out of the war, transformed the Union Army, allowed African Americans to enlist.

Cause: Lee's invasion of the North. Effects: Confederate defeat, turning point, Gettysburg Address.

Cause: Union strategy to control the Mississippi. Effect: Split the Confederacy, boosted Grant's career.

Cause: Union strategy to break the South's will to fight. Effect: Destruction of infrastructure, weakened Confederate morale.

Cause: Union strategy to win the war. Effect: Blockade of Southern ports, economic hardship for the South.

Cause: Technological innovation. Effect: Increased casualties, changed battlefield tactics.

Cause: Southern economy. Effect: Hope for British support, but ultimately failed.

Cause: Confederate sympathizer. Effect: Hardened Reconstruction policies, national mourning.

Cause: Slavery, states' rights, economic differences. Effect: End of slavery, strengthened federal government, industrialization.

Cause: Election of Lincoln, fear of federal interference with slavery. Effect: Start of the Civil War, division of the nation.

Bloodiest single day in US history; led to the Emancipation Proclamation and prevented European intervention.

Confederacy's high-water mark; Union victory; led to the Gettysburg Address.

Union gained control of the Mississippi River, splitting the Confederacy.

Union victory that helped Lincoln's re-election and secured the war's end.

A destructive campaign across Georgia and South Carolina using a scorched-earth policy.

Lee surrendered to Grant, effectively ending the Civil War.

It kept Europe out of the war and transformed the Union Army into an army of liberation.

Framed the war as a fight for freedom.

It was the start of the Civil War.

It was the first major land battle of the Civil War, resulting in a Confederate victory and shocking the Union.