All Flashcards
When was the Pure Food and Drug Act passed, and what was its significance?
1906; It regulated the safety of food and prescription drugs, leading to the creation of the FDA.
What was the significance of the United Mine Workers Strike of 1902?
Roosevelt intervened, siding with workers, a major win for labor and a sign of his Progressive approach.
What was the impact of the 16th Amendment?
Established income tax to reduce wealth inequality.
What was the impact of the 17th Amendment?
Provided for the direct election of senators, increasing democracy.
What was the impact of the 18th Amendment?
Prohibited alcohol (Prohibition), later repealed by the 21st Amendment.
What was the impact of the 19th Amendment?
Granted women the right to vote (women’s suffrage).
What did the Federal Reserve Act do?
Created the Federal Reserve to manage monetary policy and regulate banking.
What was the Clayton Antitrust Act?
Strengthened the Sherman Antitrust Act and protected unions.
What was the Underwood Tariff Act?
Lowered tariffs and removed duties from goods like sugar and wool.
What was significant about the Election of 1912?
A split in the Republican party allowed Democrat Woodrow Wilson to win the presidency.
What was the ruling in United States v. E. C. Knight Company?
The Supreme Court weakened the Sherman Anti-Trust Act.
What caused the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act?
Upton Sinclair's The Jungle exposed unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry, shocking the public.
What was the effect of Roosevelt's intervention in the United Mine Workers Strike?
It was a major win for labor and a sign of Roosevelt's Progressive approach, establishing the government as a more neutral arbiter.
What was the effect of the split in the Republican Party in 1912?
It allowed Democrat Woodrow Wilson to win the presidency.
What was the effect of How the Other Half Lives?
It exposed the harsh realities of tenement life, making the upper classes aware of the conditions of the poor.
What was the effect of the Clayton Antitrust Act?
It strengthened the Sherman Antitrust Act and explicitly protected unions, giving them more power.
What was the cause of the creation of the Federal Reserve Act?
To manage the nation’s monetary policy and regulate the banking industry.
What was the effect of the 16th Amendment?
It allowed the federal government to collect income taxes, reducing wealth inequality and funding social programs.
What was the effect of the 17th Amendment?
It provided for the direct election of senators, making the government more democratic and responsive to the people.
What was the effect of the 19th Amendment?
It granted women the right to vote, expanding democracy and empowering women in politics.
What was the effect of the United States v. E. C. Knight Company ruling?
It weakened the Sherman Anti-Trust Act, limiting the government's ability to regulate monopolies.
Compare Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois' approaches to racial equality.
Washington advocated for economic success first, then social equality. DuBois demanded immediate social equality and helped found the NAACP.
Compare Preservation and Conservation.
Preservation seeks to protect wilderness from human interference, while conservation seeks to manage natural resources responsibly.
Compare the Sherman Antitrust Act and the Clayton Antitrust Act.
The Sherman Act was the first attempt to break up monopolies, while the Clayton Act was stronger and explicitly protected unions.
Compare Theodore Roosevelt's and William Howard Taft's approaches to trust-busting.
Roosevelt distinguished between 'good' and 'bad' trusts, while Taft busted almost twice as many trusts without making such distinctions.
Compare Roosevelt's Square Deal and Wilson's New Freedom.
The Square Deal focused on consumer protection, business regulation, and conservation, while the New Freedom emphasized business competition and small government.
Compare the goals of Muckrakers like Jacob Riis and Upton Sinclair.
Riis aimed to expose the harsh realities of tenement life through photojournalism, while Sinclair aimed to expose the exploitation of workers in the meatpacking industry.
Compare the impact of the 18th and 21st Amendments.
The 18th Amendment prohibited alcohol, leading to widespread bootlegging and organized crime, while the 21st Amendment repealed prohibition, legalizing alcohol again.
Compare the approaches of Progressives towards racial issues with their other reforms.
Progressives often supported reforms for white Americans while ignoring or even perpetuating the oppression of minorities through segregation and racist immigration restrictions.