All Flashcards
What is the Bantu Expansion?
A major demographic shift in Africa involving the spread of Bantu languages, cultures, and technologies across sub-Saharan Africa.
Define Slash-and-burn agriculture.
A farming method involving clearing land by cutting and burning vegetation, allowing for land rotation and soil regeneration.
What is Swahili?
A Bantu language with Arabic influences, widely spoken in East Africa.
Define Cultural Diffusion.
The spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another.
What are Creole Languages?
Languages that develop from the blending of two or more languages, often Bantu and local languages.
Define Domestication.
The process of taming animals or cultivating plants for human use.
What is meant by Genetic Heritage?
The inherited genetic traits and ancestry of an individual or population.
What is a Loanword?
A word adopted from one language into another.
Define Sub-Saharan Africa.
The area of the African continent that lies south of the Sahara Desert.
What is Linguistic Influence?
The effect that one language has on another, including changes in vocabulary, grammar, or pronunciation.
What were the causes and effects of technological innovations during the Bantu Expansion?
Cause: Improved tools and agricultural techniques. Effect: Increased food production, population growth, and migration.
What were the causes and effects of population growth during the Bantu Expansion?
Cause: Increased food production and resource availability. Effect: Competition for resources and migration to new territories.
What were the causes and effects of the spread of Bantu languages?
Cause: Migration and cultural diffusion. Effect: Linguistic diversity across sub-Saharan Africa and interaction with local languages.
What were the causes and effects of the transatlantic slave trade related to the Bantu Expansion?
Cause: Demand for labor in the Americas. Effect: Forcible removal of individuals from Bantu-speaking communities, impacting the genetic heritage of African Americans.
What were the causes and effects of the Bantu migration routes?
Cause: Population growth and resource needs. Effect: Spread of Bantu languages, culture, and technology throughout sub-Saharan Africa.
What were the causes and effects of language interaction during the Bantu Expansion?
Cause: Coexistence of Bantu and local languages. Effect: Language exchange, loanwords, and the development of creole languages.
What were the causes and effects of slash-and-burn agriculture?
Cause: Need for land clearing and soil regeneration. Effect: Sustainable agriculture and support for larger populations.
What were the causes and effects of improved tool-making?
Cause: Technological advancements. Effect: Greater efficiency in agriculture, hunting, and warfare, supporting population growth and migration.
What were the causes and effects of the spread of bananas?
Cause: Introduction of nutrient-rich crops. Effect: Support for larger populations and increased food security.
What were the causes and effects of genetic links between African Americans and Bantu-speaking communities?
Cause: Transatlantic slave trade. Effect: Diverse African heritage of African Americans, traceable to specific regions and ethnic groups.
Define Bantu Expansion.
Major demographic shift in Africa involving the spread of Bantu languages, cultures, and technologies across sub-Saharan Africa.
What is slash-and-burn agriculture?
Agricultural technique involving clearing land by cutting and burning vegetation, allowing for land rotation and soil regeneration.
Define cultural diffusion.
The spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another, such as the spread of Bantu language and technologies.
What is a creole language?
A stable, natural language developed from a mixture of different languages, often including Bantu and local languages.
Define domestication.
The process of taming animals for human use, such as cattle and goats for meat, milk, and labor.
What are loanwords?
Words adopted from one language into another, reflecting language interaction and exchange.
Define ethnolinguistic diversity.
The existence of many different languages and ethnic groups within a specific region or population.
What is genetic heritage?
The inherited genetic makeup of an individual or population, tracing ancestral origins.
Define sub-Saharan Africa.
The region of Africa that lies south of the Sahara Desert.
What is the Transatlantic Slave Trade?
The forced transportation of enslaved Africans to the Americas, significantly impacting the genetic heritage of African Americans.