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What happened around 3000 BCE along the Nile River?
Egypt and Nubia emerged as some of the earliest complex societies in the world.
What occurred around 750 BCE in Egypt?
Nubians conquered Egypt and ruled for nearly a century.
What happened around 100 BCE in Eastern Africa?
The Aksumite Empire emerged, strategically located on the Red Sea.
What happened around 500 BCE in present-day Nigeria?
The Nok society flourished as one of the earliest ironworking societies in West Africa.
When did Aksum adopt Christianity?
Aksum became the first African society to embrace Christianity during the reign of King Ezana.
When did African American writers begin highlighting ancient Africa?
Starting in the late 18th century, to counter racist ideas and build identity.
When did research on ancient African societies bolster African independence?
In the mid-20th century, providing a historical basis for self-rule.
What was the significance of Aksumite coins?
Demonstrated Aksum's economic and political power through its own currency.
What is the significance of Nok sculptures?
Proved advanced artistic and metalworking traditions in sub-Saharan Africa.
What was the impact of trade between Nubia and Egypt?
Led to both trade and conflict between the two civilizations.
Define Nubia/Kush.
Ancient kingdom south of Egypt, a major source of gold and luxury goods, and ruled Egypt for a time.
Define Aksum.
Ancient kingdom in Eastern Africa (present-day Eritrea and Ethiopia), known for trade and early adoption of Christianity.
Define Nok society.
Early ironworking society in West Africa (present-day Nigeria), famous for terracotta sculptures.
What is Ge'ez script?
Ancient script developed by the Aksumite Empire, still used in Ethiopia today as a liturgical language.
Define 'Black Pharaohs'.
Refers to Nubian rulers who conquered and ruled Egypt around 750 BCE.
What is a trade network?
A system of interconnected routes and relationships that facilitate the exchange of goods and services.
Define 'cultural agency'.
The capacity of a people to act independently and make their own choices about their cultural development.
Define 'colonial narratives'.
Stories and justifications used by colonizers to legitimize their domination of other lands and peoples.
Define 'self-determination'.
The right of a people to freely determine their own political status and form of government without external influence.
Define 'neo-colonialism'.
The use of economic, political, or other indirect means to control or influence a country, especially former colonies, in lieu of direct military or political control.
Cause and effect of Nile River's importance?
Cause: Fertile soil and transportation. Effect: Vital for agriculture and trade in Egypt and Nubia.
Cause and effect of Aksum's location on the Red Sea?
Cause: Strategic location on Red Sea. Effect: Connected major trade routes, fueling Aksum's rise to power.
Cause and effect of ancient African societies research?
Cause: Research on ancient African societies. Effect: Bolstered the case for African self-rule and independence from European colonialism.