All Flashcards
What was the significance of Mansa Musa's Hajj?
Showcased Mali's wealth, attracted European interest, and promoted Islamic learning.
What led to Ghana's decline?
Almoravid invasion, overgrazing, and internal conflicts weakened the empire.
What was the Moroccan invasion of Songhai?
In 1591, the Moroccan army defeated Songhai, leading to the empire's decline.
When did Ghana reach its peak?
Ghana reached its peak in the 11th century.
When did Mali flourish?
Mali flourished until the 17th century.
When did Songhai reach its peak?
Songhai reached its peak in the 16th century.
When did Ghana decline?
Ghana declined by the 13th century.
When did Songhai decline?
Songhai declined due to shifting trade routes and internal conflicts.
What was the impact of Portuguese exploration?
Led to European trading posts along the West African coast, shifting trade from trans-Saharan routes.
What was the effect of the shift from trans-Saharan to Atlantic trade?
Diminished Songhai's wealth and power, contributing to its decline.
What caused the decline of Songhai?
Cause: Shift from trans-Saharan to Atlantic routes. Effect: Diminished wealth.
What was the effect of Mansa Musa's hajj?
Cause: Mansa Musa's pilgrimage. Effect: Attracted European merchants and cartographers.
What was the effect of Portuguese exploration?
Cause: Portuguese exploration. Effect: Led to European trading posts along the West African coast.
What was the effect of internal conflicts in Songhai?
Cause: Internal conflicts. Effect: Moroccan invasion in 1591 hastened Songhai's decline.
What was the effect of Mali's wealth and grandeur?
Cause: Mali's wealth and grandeur. Effect: Inspired European exploration.
What was the effect of the Trans-Saharan trade?
Cause: Trans-Saharan trade. Effect: Brought Muslim traders, scholars, and administrators.
What was the effect of superior horses and weapons in Mali?
Cause: Superior horses and weapons. Effect: Helped Mali expand and maintain control.
Define Sudanic Empires.
Powerful West African states controlling gold mines and trade routes.
What is Trans-Saharan Trade?
Trade across the Sahara Desert, connecting North and Sub-Saharan Africa.
Define Sankore Madrasah.
A university in Timbuktu, a major center of learning under Mansa Musa.
What does 'Hajj' mean?
The Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca, one of the five pillars of Islam.
Define Catalan Atlas.
A medieval European map showing trade routes and kingdoms in Africa.
What is cultural blending?
The merging of different cultural elements, like Islamic teachings and local beliefs.
Define Atlantic Trade.
Trade routes across the Atlantic Ocean, connecting Europe, Africa, and the Americas.
What are trade routes?
Pathways used for commercial exchange of goods and services.
Define Eurocentric views.
The interpretation of the world through a European perspective.
What is a cartographer?
A person who draws or produces maps.