All Flashcards
What was Ghana's peak?
Ghana reached its peak in the 11th century.
When did Mali flourish?
Mali flourished until the 17th century.
When did Songhai reach its peak?
Songhai reached its peak in the 16th century.
What was Mansa Musa's Hajj?
Mansa Musa's pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324, showcasing Mali's wealth.
What was the Moroccan invasion?
The Moroccan invasion in 1591 hastened Songhai's decline.
What led to European trading posts?
Portuguese exploration led to European trading posts along the West African coast.
What caused Songhai's decline?
Shifting trade routes and internal conflicts caused Songhai's decline.
When did Ghana decline?
Ghana declined by the 13th century.
What was the impact of Mansa Musa's reign?
Developed Timbuktu and Djenne into major centers of trade and learning.
What was the result of European interest in Mali?
European powers began planning to trade manufactured goods for West African gold.
What were the causes and effects of trans-Saharan trade?
Cause: Demand for gold and resources. Effect: Rise of Sudanic empires, spread of Islam, cultural exchange.
What were the causes and effects of the shift to Atlantic trade?
Cause: Portuguese exploration and desire for direct access to resources. Effect: Decline of Songhai, rise of European power, increased slave trade.
What were the causes and effects of Mansa Musa's pilgrimage?
Cause: Mansa Musa's devotion to Islam and desire to strengthen ties with the Muslim world. Effect: Increased European interest in Mali, promotion of Islamic learning, and demonstration of Mali's wealth and power.
What caused the decline of Songhai?
Cause: Shift from trans-Saharan to Atlantic routes. Effect: Diminished wealth.
What was the effect of Mansa Musa's hajj?
Cause: Mansa Musa's pilgrimage. Effect: Attracted European merchants and cartographers.
What was the effect of Portuguese exploration?
Cause: Portuguese exploration. Effect: Led to European trading posts along the West African coast.
What was the effect of internal conflicts in Songhai?
Cause: Internal conflicts. Effect: Moroccan invasion in 1591 hastened Songhai's decline.
What was the effect of Mali's wealth and grandeur?
Cause: Mali's wealth and grandeur. Effect: Inspired European exploration.
What was the effect of the Trans-Saharan trade?
Cause: Trans-Saharan trade. Effect: Brought Muslim traders, scholars, and administrators.
What was the effect of superior horses and weapons in Mali?
Cause: Superior horses and weapons. Effect: Helped Mali expand and maintain control.