All Flashcards
Define Emancipation Proclamation.
Wartime measure by Lincoln freeing enslaved people in Confederate states still in rebellion.
Define Thirteenth Amendment.
Permanently abolished slavery in the entire U.S., except as punishment for a crime.
What were the "Five Civilized Tribes"?
Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole nations that adopted some European customs, including slavery.
What is General Order No. 3?
Order read in Galveston, TX, informing enslaved people of their freedom and mentioning racial equality.
Define Juneteenth.
Celebration commemorating the end of slavery in Texas on June 19, 1865.
Define Freedom Days.
Days marking milestones in the fight for equality in African American communities.
What is meant by Jubilee Day?
Another name for Juneteenth, celebrating emancipation.
Define Emancipation Day.
Another name for Juneteenth, celebrating emancipation.
What is meant by tribal citizenship?
Membership in a Native American tribe, which freed African Americans were often denied.
Define reparations.
The making of amends for a wrong one has done, by paying money to or otherwise helping those who have been wronged.
What was the Emancipation Proclamation?
Lincoln's 1863 wartime measure freeing enslaved people in Confederate states still in rebellion.
What was the Thirteenth Amendment?
1865 amendment that permanently abolished slavery in the entire U.S.
What happened on June 19, 1865?
Union General Granger read General Order No. 3 in Galveston, Texas, informing enslaved people they were free.
What are 1866 Treaties?
U.S. government negotiations to end slavery in Indian Territory.
What happened in 2021 regarding Juneteenth?
Juneteenth became a federal holiday in the United States.
What is the significance of July 5, 1827, in New York?
An early example of Freedom Days celebrated by African American communities.
What is Emancipation Day in D.C.?
A Freedom Day celebrated on April 16 in Washington D.C.
What is Eighth of August?
A Freedom Day celebrated in Kentucky and Tennessee.
What did General Order No. 3 proclaim?
Officially proclaimed emancipation in Texas and mentioned racial equality.
What did the newly freed people do during early Juneteenth celebrations?
Gathered to celebrate their freedom, singing spirituals, wearing new clothes, feasting, and dancing.
What were the causes and effects of the Emancipation Proclamation?
Cause: Civil War, desire to weaken Confederacy. Effect: Freed enslaved people in Confederate states still in rebellion.
What were the causes and effects of the Thirteenth Amendment?
Cause: End of Civil War, need to permanently abolish slavery. Effect: Abolished slavery in the entire U.S.
What were the causes and effects of Juneteenth?
Cause: Delay in news of emancipation reaching Texas. Effect: Celebration of freedom, recognition of struggle for equality.
What were the causes and effects of slavery in Indigenous nations?
Cause: Adoption of European customs, economic factors. Effect: Complex relationships, denial of tribal citizenship to freed African Americans.
What were the causes and effects of General Order No. 3?
Cause: End of Civil War, need to inform enslaved people in Texas of their freedom. Effect: Foundation for Juneteenth, mention of racial equality.
What were the causes and effects of early Juneteenth celebrations?
Cause: Desire to celebrate freedom and honor ancestors. Effect: Community building, cultural preservation.
What were the causes and effects of Juneteenth becoming a federal holiday?
Cause: Recognition of its importance in American history. Effect: Increased awareness, broader celebration, reflection on past and present.
What were the causes and effects of the Civil War?
Cause: Slavery, states' rights, economic differences. Effect: Abolition of slavery, reunification of the Union.
What were the causes and effects of racial inequality?
Cause: Historical oppression, systemic discrimination. Effect: Social unrest, economic disparities, ongoing fight for justice.
What were the causes and effects of the delay in news of emancipation reaching Texas?
Cause: Isolation of Texas, lack of Union presence. Effect: Juneteenth, unique celebration of freedom.