All Flashcards
What was the impact of the Second Morrill Act?
Led to the creation of 18 land-grant HBCUs, expanding educational opportunities for African Americans.
Define HBCU.
Historically Black Colleges and Universities, established before 1964 to serve the African American community.
What are Land-Grant HBCUs?
HBCUs established under the Second Morrill Act (1890) to provide agricultural and mechanical education.
Define Liberal Arts Model.
An educational model focused on classical studies, literature, and humanities.
Define Vocational-Industrial Model.
An educational model emphasizing practical skills and trades.
What is a BGLO?
Black Greek-Letter Organizations that emerged at HBCUs and predominantly white institutions, providing support and community.
What was the Second Morrill Act?
Federal legislation in 1890 that led to the creation of 18 land-grant HBCUs.
Define cultural hub.
A place that provided safe havens, cultural hubs, and training grounds for future leaders.
What is Jim Crow?
State and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States.
What is postsecondary education?
Education pursued after high school, including universities, colleges, and vocational schools.
What is social mobility?
The ability to move up in social class and economic status.
What was the significance of the founding of Cheyney University?
It was the first HBCU, founded in 1837 by Quaker philanthropist Richard Humphreys.
What was the impact of the Second Morrill Act of 1890?
It led to the creation of 18 land-grant HBCUs with federal funding, expanding educational opportunities.
What was the Black Campus Movement?
The 1960s saw increased enrollment of African Americans at predominantly white institutions.
When was Alpha Phi Alpha founded?
1906 at Cornell University, as the first Black Greek-Letter Organization.
What was the post-Civil War Era?
Most HBCUs were founded after the Civil War to educate newly freed African Americans.
What was the Jim Crow Era?
HBCUs were crucial in providing educational opportunities during the Jim Crow segregation period.
What happened in the 1960s?
The Black Campus Movement saw increased enrollment of African Americans at predominantly white institutions.
What was the significance of the Fisk Jubilee Singers?
Introduced African American spirituals to international audiences, raising funds for Fisk University.
What was the impact of the Civil Rights Movement?
HBCUs were centers of activism and resistance during the Civil Rights Movement.
What was the impact of pre-desegregation?
Over 90% of African American college graduates attended HBCUs.