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All Flashcards
Cause and effect of systemic racism?
Cause: Systemic racism denied African Americans access to predominantly white institutions. Effect: The emergence of HBCUs.
Cause and effect of the Second Morrill Act?
Cause: The Second Morrill Act of 1890. Effect: The establishment of 18 land-grant HBCUs.
Define HBCU.
Historically Black Colleges and Universities, established before 1964 to serve the African American community.
What are Land-Grant HBCUs?
HBCUs established under the Second Morrill Act (1890) to provide agricultural and mechanical education.
Define Liberal Arts Model.
An educational model focused on classical studies, literature, and humanities.
Define Vocational-Industrial Model.
An educational model emphasizing practical skills and trades.
What is a BGLO?
Black Greek-Letter Organizations that emerged at HBCUs and predominantly white institutions, providing support and community.
What was the Second Morrill Act?
Federal legislation in 1890 that led to the creation of 18 land-grant HBCUs.
Define cultural hub.
A place that provided safe havens, cultural hubs, and training grounds for future leaders.
What is Jim Crow?
State and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States.
What is postsecondary education?
Education pursued after high school, including universities, colleges, and vocational schools.
What is social mobility?
The ability to move up in social class and economic status.
What was the significance of Fisk Jubilee Singers?
They popularized African American spirituals internationally and raised funds for Fisk University.
What role do HBCUs play in preserving culture?
They preserve and promote African American culture, history, and traditions.