All Flashcards
Define grassroots organizing.
Building a movement from local communities, emphasizing collective action and empowering individuals.
What is intersectionality?
The interconnected nature of social categorizations such as race, class, and gender, creating overlapping systems of discrimination or disadvantage.
Define gender discrimination.
Unfair treatment based on a person's gender, often resulting in the denial of opportunities or rights.
What is systemic exclusion?
The deliberate and pervasive marginalization of a group from full participation in society.
Define collective action.
A group of people working together to achieve a common goal, often to address social or political issues.
Define Black Feminism.
A school of thought stating that sexism, class oppression, and racism are inextricably bound together.
What is desegregation?
The process of ending the separation of groups based on race.
Define marginalization.
Treatment of a person, group, or concept as insignificant or peripheral.
Define school segregation.
The separation of students based on race in educational institutions.
What is activism?
The policy or action of using vigorous campaigning to bring about political or social change.
What was the significance of the 1960 SNCC founding?
Ella Baker advocated for peaceful sit-ins as a means for full inclusion and integration of African Americans.
What was the March on Washington in 1963?
A large political rally for civil and economic rights for African Americans.
What was the role of the CCCO in Chicago?
Challenged school segregation and later addressed employment and housing discrimination.
What was the 1964 NYC School Boycott?
A massive protest against racial segregation and inequality in NYC public schools.
What was the impact of Sit-ins?
Challenged systemic exclusion and marginalization of Black Americans beyond desegregation.
What did the SNCC position paper expose?
Pervasive sexism within the civil rights movement, relegating women to secondary roles.
What was the main goal of the Civil Rights Movement?
To end racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans and secure equal rights under the law.
What was the impact of the 1964 NYC School Boycott?
Forced city officials to confront the urgent need for educational reform.
What was the result of the SNCC position paper?
Sparked important conversations about intersectionality and the need to address multiple forms of oppression simultaneously.
What did the 1964 NYC School Boycott demonstrate?
The power of collective action in challenging systemic inequalities.
Who was Ella Baker?
A pivotal leader and grassroots organizer in the Civil Rights Movement, known as the 'mother of the Civil Rights movement' for her inclusive, group-centered leadership.
Who was Dorothy Height?
The president of the National Council of Negro Women (NCNW) for 40 years, who advanced the rights and opportunities of Black women and girls.
What was Ella Baker's leadership style?
She prioritized grassroots organizing and inclusive, group-centered leadership over hierarchical structures.
What was Dorothy Height's focus at NCNW?
She focused on issues such as education, employment, and community development for Black women and girls.
What was Ella Baker's nickname?
She was nicknamed the 'mother of the Civil Rights movement'.
What was Dorothy Height's role in the March on Washington?
Dorothy Height collaborated on numerous significant civil rights initiatives, including the March on Washington in 1963.
What was Ella Baker's influence on SNCC?
She mentored and inspired a new generation of civil rights leaders, especially within the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC).
What was Bayard Rustin's role in the NYC boycott?
Bayard Rustin was the boycott director, called it 'largest civil rights protest in nation's history'.
What was James B. Donovan's opinion of the NYC boycott?
James B. Donovan (Board of Education President): Called boycott a 'fizzle'.
What was Dr. Calvin E. Gross's opinion of the NYC boycott?
Dr. Calvin E. Gross (Superintendent of Schools): Deplored missed school day.