All Flashcards
How do top-down and grassroots approaches to activism compare?
Top-down: Leader-centric, hierarchical | Grassroots: Group-centered, empowering individuals.
How do desegregation and full inclusion compare as goals?
Desegregation: Ending racial separation | Full inclusion: Complete integration in all facets of society.
How do racial and gender discrimination compare?
Racial: Discrimination based on race | Gender: Discrimination based on gender.
Who was Ella Baker?
A pivotal leader and grassroots organizer in the Civil Rights Movement, known as the 'mother of the Civil Rights movement' for her inclusive, group-centered leadership.
Who was Dorothy Height?
The president of the National Council of Negro Women (NCNW) for 40 years, who advanced the rights and opportunities of Black women and girls.
What was Ella Baker's leadership style?
She prioritized grassroots organizing and inclusive, group-centered leadership over hierarchical structures.
What was Dorothy Height's focus at NCNW?
She focused on issues such as education, employment, and community development for Black women and girls.
What was Ella Baker's nickname?
She was nicknamed the 'mother of the Civil Rights movement'.
What was Dorothy Height's role in the March on Washington?
Dorothy Height collaborated on numerous significant civil rights initiatives, including the March on Washington in 1963.
What was Ella Baker's influence on SNCC?
She mentored and inspired a new generation of civil rights leaders, especially within the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC).
What was Bayard Rustin's role in the NYC boycott?
Bayard Rustin was the boycott director, called it 'largest civil rights protest in nation's history'.
What was James B. Donovan's opinion of the NYC boycott?
James B. Donovan (Board of Education President): Called boycott a 'fizzle'.
What was Dr. Calvin E. Gross's opinion of the NYC boycott?
Dr. Calvin E. Gross (Superintendent of Schools): Deplored missed school day.
How do top-down vs. grassroots organizing compare?
Top-down: Hierarchical leadership, decisions made by a few | Grassroots: Inclusive, group-centered, empowers individuals.
How do desegregation vs. integration compare?
Desegregation: Ending legal separation | Integration: Full inclusion in all facets of society.
How do racial vs. gender discrimination compare?
Racial: Discrimination based on race | Gender: Discrimination based on gender.
Compare segregation in the South vs. the North.
South: Legal segregation, Jim Crow laws | North: De facto segregation, housing and employment discrimination.
Compare the goals of the Civil Rights Movement vs. Black Feminism.
Civil Rights: Primarily focused on racial equality | Black Feminism: Addresses intersection of race, gender, and class.
How do individual acts of protest vs. collective action compare?
Individual: Single person taking a stand | Collective: Group of people working together for change.
Compare equality vs. equity.
Equality: Treating everyone the same | Equity: Giving everyone what they need to be successful.
Compare activism vs. advocacy.
Activism: Direct action to achieve a goal | Advocacy: Publicly supporting or recommending a cause or policy.
Compare reform vs. revolution.
Reform: Gradual change within existing systems | Revolution: Fundamental and often abrupt change.
Compare nonviolent resistance vs. armed resistance.
Nonviolent: Using peaceful methods of protest | Armed: Using weapons and force to resist oppression.