Define intersectionality.
The interconnected nature of social categorizations such as race, class, and gender, creating overlapping systems of discrimination or disadvantage.
What is grassroots organizing?
A community-based approach to building power from the ground up, emphasizing the involvement of ordinary people in political and social change.
Define systemic exclusion.
The entrenched and pervasive ways in which certain groups are denied access to opportunities and resources within a society or institution.
What is gender discrimination?
Unfair or prejudicial treatment of individuals based on their gender.
Define collective action.
Action taken together by a group of people whose goal is to enhance their status and achieve a common objective.
Define racial segregation.
The separation of individuals or groups based on their race, often enforced by law or custom.
What is racial inequality?
Disparities in opportunities, treatment, and outcomes based on race.
Define Black Feminism.
A school of thought stating that sexism, class oppression, and racism are inextricably bound together.
What is meant by 'inclusion'?
The act of creating environments in which any individual or group can be and feel welcomed, respected, supported, and valued to fully participate.
What is marginalization?
Treatment of a person, group, or concept as insignificant or peripheral.
What was the significance of the 1960 SNCC founding?
Ella Baker advocated for peaceful sit-ins as a means for full inclusion and integration of African Americans.
What was the March on Washington in 1963?
A large political rally for civil and economic rights for African Americans.
What was the role of the CCCO in Chicago?
Challenged school segregation and later addressed employment and housing discrimination.
What was the 1964 NYC School Boycott?
A massive protest against racial segregation and inequality in NYC public schools.
What was the impact of Sit-ins?
Challenged systemic exclusion and marginalization of Black Americans beyond desegregation.
What did the SNCC position paper expose?
Pervasive sexism within the civil rights movement, relegating women to secondary roles.
What was the main goal of the Civil Rights Movement?
To end racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans and secure equal rights under the law.
What was the impact of the 1964 NYC School Boycott?
Forced city officials to confront the urgent need for educational reform.
What was the result of the SNCC position paper?
Sparked important conversations about intersectionality and the need to address multiple forms of oppression simultaneously.
What did the 1964 NYC School Boycott demonstrate?
The power of collective action in challenging systemic inequalities.
How do top-down and grassroots approaches to activism compare?
Top-down: Leader-centric, hierarchical | Grassroots: Group-centered, empowering individuals.
How do desegregation and full inclusion compare as goals?
Desegregation: Ending racial separation | Full inclusion: Complete integration in all facets of society.
How do racial and gender discrimination compare?
Racial: Discrimination based on race | Gender: Discrimination based on gender.
