All Flashcards
What were the causes and effects of the Little Rock Crisis?
Cause: Resistance to school desegregation by state authorities. Effect: Federal intervention, global attention to racial injustice in the U.S.
What were the causes and effects of the Birmingham campaign?
Cause: Desire to end segregation and discrimination in Birmingham. Effect: Increased national awareness, support for Civil Rights Act of 1964.
What were the causes and effects of Freedom Songs?
Cause: Need for inspiration, unity, and courage during the Civil Rights Movement. Effect: Mobilization of activists, spiritual strength, and a sense of shared purpose.
What were the causes and effects of the global reach of Black artists?
Cause: Desire to express resistance and bring attention to racial injustice. Effect: Amplification of the fight against oppression and the creation of global solidarity.
Define 'call and response'.
A musical technique rooted in African American culture involving a back-and-forth exchange between a leader and a group.
What are freedom songs?
Songs that emerged from hymns, spirituals, gospel songs, and labor union songs, used to inspire and mobilize communities during the Civil Rights Movement.
Define 'nonviolent direct action'.
A method of protest that involves using nonviolent tactics, such as sit-ins, marches, and boycotts, to challenge unjust laws and policies.
What is 'civil disobedience'?
The act of intentionally breaking laws or refusing to comply with unjust demands as a form of peaceful protest.
Define 'global solidarity'.
A sense of unity and mutual support among people or groups from different countries who share common goals or face similar struggles.
What is 'racial integration'?
The process of desegregating and integrating different racial groups into society, particularly in areas such as schools, housing, and employment.
Define 'white supremacy'.
The belief that white people are superior to other races and should dominate society.
What is an 'anthem'?
A song or hymn of praise or celebration; a symbol of unity or defiance.
Define 'cultural artifact'.
A material manifestation of a culture's values, beliefs, and practices.
What is 'dissonance' in music?
A lack of harmony among musical notes.
How do hymns and freedom songs compare in the Civil Rights movement?
Hymns: Traditional religious songs providing comfort and faith. | Freedom songs: Adapted from hymns, spirituals, and other genres to inspire and mobilize activists.
Compare the use of poetry and music as protest tools.
Poetry: Used to express resistance and raise awareness, often with vivid imagery and powerful language. | Music: Used to mobilize, unify, and inspire activists, often incorporating call and response.