Both are polysaccharides found in plants, composed of glucose monomers. Starch is used for energy storage and has alpha linkages. Cellulose is used for structural support (cell walls) and has beta linkages.

DNA: Double-stranded, deoxyribose sugar, thymine base, stores genetic information. RNA: Single-stranded, ribose sugar, uracil base, carries out instructions from DNA.

Denaturation: Loss of protein's 3D structure, but peptide bonds remain intact. Hydrolysis: Breaking of bonds (e.g., peptide or glycosidic) through the addition of water.

A molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer.

A substance or material consisting of very large molecules, or macromolecules, composed of many repeating subunits.

A polymer consisting of nucleotide monomers; the blueprint for proteins and all cellular activities. DNA and RNA are examples.

A biologically functional molecule consisting of one or more polypeptides folded and coiled into a specific three-dimensional structure.

A sugar (monosaccharide) or one of its dimers (disaccharides) or polymers (polysaccharides).

Any of a group of large biological molecules, including fats, phospholipids, and steroids, that are insoluble in water.

Loss of a protein's native structure. This can be caused by changes in pH, salt concentration, temperature, or other factors. Denaturation leads to the protein becoming biologically inactive.

New nucleotides are added to the 3' end of the growing strand, forming a phosphodiester bond between the phosphate group of the new nucleotide and the 3' hydroxyl of the existing nucleotide.

Peptide bonds are formed between amino acids via dehydration synthesis, where a water molecule is removed.

Glycosidic bonds are formed between two monosaccharides via dehydration synthesis, where a water molecule is removed.