All Flashcards
Label the following diagram of a mitochondrion.
1: Outer membrane, 2: Inner membrane, 3: Cristae, 4: Matrix
Label the following diagram of the plasma membrane.
1: Phospholipid head, 2: Phospholipid tail, 3: Integral protein, 4: Peripheral protein
What is the definition of a phospholipid bilayer?
The foundation of the plasma membrane; a double layer with hydrophilic heads pointing outwards and hydrophobic tails tucked inside.
What is the definition of the fluid mosaic model?
The model describing the plasma membrane as flexible with various proteins embedded within it.
What is the definition of the nucleolus?
The region within the nucleus where ribosomes are assembled.
What is the definition of cristae?
The folds of the inner membrane of the mitochondria, which increase the surface area for the electron transport chain.
What is the definition of apoptosis?
Programmed cell death; the lysosome bursts, killing the cell.
What is the definition of thylakoids?
Flat, membrane-bound sacs inside the chloroplast where light absorption occurs.
What are the key differences between Smooth ER and Rough ER?
Smooth ER: Lipid synthesis, detoxification, no ribosomes | Rough ER: Protein synthesis, has ribosomes
What are the key differences between plant and animal cells?
Plant Cell: Cell wall, chloroplasts, large central vacuole, no centrioles | Animal Cell: No cell wall, no chloroplasts, small vacuoles, centrioles
What are the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic: No nucleus, no membrane-bound organelles, simple structure | Eukaryotic: Nucleus, membrane-bound organelles, complex structure