All Flashcards
Label the following diagram of a mitochondrion.
1: Outer membrane, 2: Inner membrane, 3: Cristae, 4: Matrix
Label the following diagram of the plasma membrane.
1: Phospholipid head, 2: Phospholipid tail, 3: Integral protein, 4: Peripheral protein
What is the definition of a phospholipid bilayer?
The foundation of the plasma membrane; a double layer with hydrophilic heads pointing outwards and hydrophobic tails tucked inside.
What is the definition of the fluid mosaic model?
The model describing the plasma membrane as flexible with various proteins embedded within it.
What is the definition of the nucleolus?
The region within the nucleus where ribosomes are assembled.
What is the definition of cristae?
The folds of the inner membrane of the mitochondria, which increase the surface area for the electron transport chain.
What is the definition of apoptosis?
Programmed cell death; the lysosome bursts, killing the cell.
What is the definition of thylakoids?
Flat, membrane-bound sacs inside the chloroplast where light absorption occurs.
What is the effect of increased surface area of the cristae in mitochondria?
Increased ATP production due to more space for the electron transport chain.
What is the effect of a cell lacking lysosomes?
Inability to break down molecules and recycle old cell parts, leading to cell malfunction and death.
What is the effect of a cell lacking ribosomes?
Inability to synthesize proteins, leading to cell malfunction and death.
What is the effect of a mutation that disrupts the function of the Golgi apparatus?
Proteins are not properly modified, sorted, or packaged, leading to a buildup of misfolded proteins and cellular dysfunction.