All Flashcards
Label the following diagram of a mitochondrion.
1: Outer membrane, 2: Inner membrane, 3: Cristae, 4: Matrix
Label the following diagram of the plasma membrane.
1: Phospholipid head, 2: Phospholipid tail, 3: Integral protein, 4: Peripheral protein
What is the effect of increased surface area of the cristae in mitochondria?
Increased ATP production due to more space for the electron transport chain.
What is the effect of a cell lacking lysosomes?
Inability to break down molecules and recycle old cell parts, leading to cell malfunction and death.
What is the effect of a cell lacking ribosomes?
Inability to synthesize proteins, leading to cell malfunction and death.
What is the effect of a mutation that disrupts the function of the Golgi apparatus?
Proteins are not properly modified, sorted, or packaged, leading to a buildup of misfolded proteins and cellular dysfunction.
What are the steps of protein synthesis at the rough ER?
- Bound ribosomes synthesize proteins. 2. Proteins are secreted into the ER lumen. 3. Proteins are moved to the transitional ER. 4. Proteins are packaged into transport vesicles.
What are the steps of protein processing in the Golgi apparatus?
- Vesicles enter the cis face. 2. Proteins are modified and stored. 3. Proteins are packaged into vesicles. 4. Vesicles exit the trans face.
What are the steps of phagocytosis by lysosomes?
- Cell engulfs a particle in a food vacuole. 2. Lysosome fuses with the food vacuole. 3. Hydrolytic enzymes digest the particle. 4. Digestion products are released into the cell.
What is the process of cellular respiration in the mitochondria?
- Glycolysis (in cytoplasm). 2. Krebs Cycle (in mitochondrial matrix). 3. Electron Transport Chain (on cristae). 4. ATP Production.