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What is the definition of evolution?
Evolution is the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth.
What is the definition of vestigial structures?
Vestigial structures are anatomical features of organisms that have lost most or all of their original function through evolution.
What is the definition of homologous structures?
Homologous structures are similar structures found in different species that share a common ancestor, indicating evolutionary relationships.
What is the definition of analogous structures?
Analogous structures are structures in different species that have similar functions but do not derive from a common ancestor; they arise due to convergent evolution.
What is the definition of radiometric dating?
Radiometric dating is a method of dating geological or archeological specimens by determining the relative proportions of particular radioactive isotopes present in a sample.
What is the effect of similarities in DNA sequences between two species?
Suggests a closer evolutionary relationship and common ancestry.
What is the effect of a structure becoming vestigial?
The structure loses its original function over evolutionary time.
What is the effect of mutations in DNA over long periods?
Can lead to the evolution of new traits and species.
What are the basic steps involved in radiometric dating?
1: Measure the amount of parent isotope. 2: Measure the amount of daughter isotope. 3: Calculate the age based on the known decay rate.
What are the steps to determine relative age using stratigraphy?
1: Identify rock layers. 2: Determine the relative position of layers (deeper = older). 3: Compare fossil content within layers.