Cellular Energetics

Dull brown that blends into the bark of trees where they live.

Vivid red that contrasts with green leaves.

Shiny yellow that reflects sunlight prominently.

Bright green that stands out against brown tree bark.

Individuals with the mutation may show increased fitness during extreme temperatures but decreased overall adaptability.

Mutations causing improved temperature tolerance are neutral since other factors dictate survival more strongly.

The mutation could lead to no significant change in fitness if the environment remains predictable and stable periodically over years.

Those without the mutation might experience decreased fitness due to less effective temperature regulation mechanisms.

Cellular respiration

Osmosis

Photosynthesis

Protein synthesis

Autosomal recessive

Mitochondrial inheritance

Autosomal dominant

Sex-linked dominant

How well it can evade predators and hunt

How well it can survive and reproduce in its environment

How well it can adapt to fit its environment

How well it can metabolize organic materials from the environment

It allows for cooperative binding, which increases efficiency in oxygen uptake and release.

It enables DNA binding for gene regulation during erythropoiesis.

It permits lipid solubility for easy passage through cell membranes.

It provides rigidity to withstand shear forces in the bloodstream.

Hydrophobic; unsaturated; Hydrophilic

Unsaturated; hydrophobic; hydrophilic

Hydrophilic; hydrophobic; unsaturated

Hydrophilic; unsaturated; hydrophobic

Disruptive selection

Stabilizing selection

Sexual selection

Directional selection

Sexual selection for elaborate traits might intensify, leading to increased intrasexual competition and trait exaggeration despite costs.

Sexual selection for elaborate traits might diminish if those traits reduce individuals' ability to adapt and thrive in fragmented environments.

Habitat fragmentation should have no effect on sexual selection as mate preference does not depend on habitat structure or size.

Sexual selection may prioritize energetic efficiency over elaborate traits but maintain current levels of mate choice intensity unchanged.

Rabbits had an increased reproductive rate that provided more food for foxes.

A harsh winter caused a decrease in plant abundance.

Foxes developed a preference for a new prey species.

A disease outbreak reduced the number of competing predators.