Natural Selection

Immediate extinction due to failure in attracting mates altogether.

No change as coloration has negligible effects on actual survival rates.

Compensatory adaptation enhancing other traits related to reproductive success.

Decreased mating opportunities leading to reduced allele frequency over time.

2

3.9

2.7

4.6

the biological species concept

the morphological species concept

the phylogenetic species concept

the ecological species concept

Patterns of migration.

Nitrogen cycles.

Survival and reproductive success.

Specific mating ritual.

Gene flow where interbreeding between nearby island populations increases overall diversity

Sexual selection where female choice results uniformly exaggerated male traits

Genetic bottleneck effect where surviving birds represent only a subset of original genetic diversity

Founder effect since few individuals colonize a new habitat forming distinct gene pool

Bottleneck effect.

Genetic drift.

Natural selection.

Founder effect.

The efficiency with which consumers convert food into new biomass

The rate at which producers convert light energy into chemical energy via photosynthesis

The total biomass accumulated within a given trophic level over time

The amount of consumer waste products recycled back into the system as nutrients

when a species evolves only at a particular time

a new species from ancestors that both live in the same environment, for example 2 types of fish in the same pond

when species cannot reproduce and will go extinct

when a group of species is divided geographically resulting in a new species forming

temporal isolation

behavioral isolation

postzygotic isolation

geographic isolation

All coloration patterns are equally beneficial as they enhance biodiversity through varying phenotypes alone.

Regulatory genes for coloration dilute over time making them irrelevant for natural selection processes.

Coloration patterns affect only intra-species identification and have no impact on evolutionary success.

If coloration provides camouflage or mating advantage, organisms with those patterns may have higher reproductive success.