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  1. AP Calculus
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If the graph of f(x)f(x)f(x) is increasing, what does that tell you about the graph of (f−1)′(x)(f^{-1})'(x)(f−1)′(x)?

If f(x)f(x)f(x) is increasing, f′(x)>0f'(x) > 0f′(x)>0, so (f−1)′(x)>0(f^{-1})'(x) > 0(f−1)′(x)>0 as well, meaning the graph of (f−1)′(x)(f^{-1})'(x)(f−1)′(x) is positive.

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If the graph of f(x)f(x)f(x) is increasing, what does that tell you about the graph of (f−1)′(x)(f^{-1})'(x)(f−1)′(x)?

If f(x)f(x)f(x) is increasing, f′(x)>0f'(x) > 0f′(x)>0, so (f−1)′(x)>0(f^{-1})'(x) > 0(f−1)′(x)>0 as well, meaning the graph of (f−1)′(x)(f^{-1})'(x)(f−1)′(x) is positive.

How can you visually identify the inverse of a function on a graph?

The graph of the inverse function is the reflection of the original function across the line y=xy = xy=x.

What does a vertical tangent line on the graph of f(x)f(x)f(x) imply about the derivative of its inverse?

A vertical tangent line on f(x)f(x)f(x) means f′(x)=0f'(x) = 0f′(x)=0 at that point, which implies the derivative of the inverse function is undefined (has a vertical asymptote) at the corresponding point.

How does the concavity of f(x)f(x)f(x) relate to the graph of (f−1)′(x)(f^{-1})'(x)(f−1)′(x)?

The concavity of f(x)f(x)f(x) affects the rate of change of f′(x)f'(x)f′(x), which in turn affects the shape of (f−1)′(x)(f^{-1})'(x)(f−1)′(x). A concave up f(x)f(x)f(x) may lead to a different shape for (f−1)′(x)(f^{-1})'(x)(f−1)′(x) compared to a concave down f(x)f(x)f(x).

What does it mean if the graph of f(x)f(x)f(x) is symmetric about the origin?

It means f(x)f(x)f(x) is an odd function, i.e., f(−x)=−f(x)f(-x) = -f(x)f(−x)=−f(x).

What does the graph of f′(x)f'(x)f′(x) tell you about where f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x) is increasing or decreasing?

If f′(x)>0f'(x) > 0f′(x)>0, then f(x)f(x)f(x) is increasing, and f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x) is also increasing. If f′(x)<0f'(x) < 0f′(x)<0, then f(x)f(x)f(x) is decreasing, and f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x) is also decreasing.

What does a sharp corner in the graph of f(x)f(x)f(x) imply about the differentiability of f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x)?

A sharp corner in f(x)f(x)f(x) means it's not differentiable at that point, which can affect the differentiability of f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x) at the corresponding point.

How can you visually determine the domain and range of f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x) from the graph of f(x)f(x)f(x)?

The domain of f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x) is the range of f(x)f(x)f(x), and the range of f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x) is the domain of f(x)f(x)f(x).

What does a horizontal asymptote in f(x)f(x)f(x) tell you about f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x)?

A horizontal asymptote in f(x)f(x)f(x) becomes a vertical asymptote in f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x).

If f(x)f(x)f(x) is linear, what can you say about the graph of (f−1)′(x)(f^{-1})'(x)(f−1)′(x)?

If f(x)f(x)f(x) is linear, f′(x)f'(x)f′(x) is constant, so (f−1)′(x)(f^{-1})'(x)(f−1)′(x) is also constant.

What is the difference between finding f′(x)f'(x)f′(x) and (f−1)′(x)(f^{-1})'(x)(f−1)′(x)?

f′(x)f'(x)f′(x) is the derivative of the original function. (f−1)′(x)(f^{-1})'(x)(f−1)′(x) requires using the inverse derivative formula: (f−1)′(x)=1f′(f−1(x))(f^{-1})'(x) = \frac{1}{f'(f^{-1}(x))}(f−1)′(x)=f′(f−1(x))1​.

Compare the chain rule and the inverse function derivative rule.

Chain rule: used for composite functions. Inverse function rule: specifically for derivatives of inverse functions.

What is the difference between implicit and explicit differentiation?

Explicit: function is defined as y = f(x). Implicit: function is not explicitly solved for y.

Compare finding the derivative of f(x)f(x)f(x) and finding the derivative of f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x) when f(x)f(x)f(x) is given explicitly.

For f(x)f(x)f(x), directly apply differentiation rules. For f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x), use the inverse derivative formula or find f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x) explicitly and then differentiate.

Compare finding the derivative of f(x)f(x)f(x) and finding the derivative of f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x) when f(x)f(x)f(x) is given implicitly.

For f(x)f(x)f(x), use implicit differentiation directly. For f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x), either find f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x) explicitly (if possible) and then differentiate, or use the inverse derivative formula in conjunction with implicit differentiation.

What is the difference between finding f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x) and finding (f−1)′(x)(f^{-1})'(x)(f−1)′(x)?

Finding f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x) involves switching xxx and yyy and solving for yyy. Finding (f−1)′(x)(f^{-1})'(x)(f−1)′(x) involves differentiating the inverse function using the inverse derivative rule.

Compare the derivatives of f(x)f(x)f(x) and f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x) at corresponding points.

If f(a)=bf(a) = bf(a)=b, then f′(a)f'(a)f′(a) is the slope of f(x)f(x)f(x) at x=ax=ax=a, and (f−1)′(b)(f^{-1})'(b)(f−1)′(b) is the slope of f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x) at x=bx=bx=b. These slopes are reciprocals of each other.

What is the difference between the graph of f(x)f(x)f(x) and the graph of f′(x)f'(x)f′(x)?

The graph of f(x)f(x)f(x) shows the function's values, while the graph of f′(x)f'(x)f′(x) shows the rate of change of f(x)f(x)f(x).

Compare the domain and range of a function and its inverse.

The domain of f(x)f(x)f(x) is the range of f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x), and the range of f(x)f(x)f(x) is the domain of f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x).

What is the difference between finding f′(a)f'(a)f′(a) and (f−1)′(a)(f^{-1})'(a)(f−1)′(a)?

f′(a)f'(a)f′(a) is the derivative of f(x)f(x)f(x) evaluated at x=ax=ax=a. (f−1)′(a)(f^{-1})'(a)(f−1)′(a) is the derivative of the inverse function evaluated at x=ax=ax=a, and it requires using the inverse derivative formula.

How do you find (f−1)′(a)(f^{-1})'(a)(f−1)′(a) given f(x)f(x)f(x)?

  1. Find f−1(a)=bf^{-1}(a) = bf−1(a)=b. 2. Find f′(x)f'(x)f′(x). 3. Evaluate f′(b)f'(b)f′(b). 4. Calculate (f−1)′(a)=1f′(b)(f^{-1})'(a) = \frac{1}{f'(b)}(f−1)′(a)=f′(b)1​.

How do you find the tangent line to g(x)g(x)g(x) at x=ax=ax=a, where g(x)=f−1(x)g(x) = f^{-1}(x)g(x)=f−1(x)?

  1. Find g(a)g(a)g(a). 2. Find g′(a)=1f′(g(a))g'(a) = \frac{1}{f'(g(a))}g′(a)=f′(g(a))1​. 3. Use point-slope form: y−g(a)=g′(a)(x−a)y - g(a) = g'(a)(x - a)y−g(a)=g′(a)(x−a).

How to find g′(a)g'(a)g′(a) using a table of values?

  1. Find xxx such that f(x)=af(x) = af(x)=a, so g(a)=xg(a) = xg(a)=x. 2. Find f′(x)f'(x)f′(x) from the table. 3. Calculate g′(a)=1f′(x)g'(a) = \frac{1}{f'(x)}g′(a)=f′(x)1​.

Given f(x)f(x)f(x) and a point (a,b)(a, b)(a,b) on f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x), how do you find the equation of the tangent line to f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x) at (a,b)(a, b)(a,b)?

  1. Verify that f(b)=af(b) = af(b)=a. 2. Find f′(x)f'(x)f′(x). 3. Evaluate f′(b)f'(b)f′(b). 4. The slope of the tangent line is 1f′(b)\frac{1}{f'(b)}f′(b)1​. 5. Use point-slope form: y−b=1f′(b)(x−a)y - b = \frac{1}{f'(b)}(x - a)y−b=f′(b)1​(x−a).

How do you solve for g′(x)g'(x)g′(x) if g(x)g(x)g(x) is the inverse of f(x)f(x)f(x) and f(x)f(x)f(x) is a complex function?

  1. Find f′(x)f'(x)f′(x). 2. Express g′(x)g'(x)g′(x) as 1f′(g(x))\frac{1}{f'(g(x))}f′(g(x))1​. 3. If needed, use implicit differentiation or other techniques to find g(x)g(x)g(x) or simplify the expression.

How do you determine if an inverse function is differentiable?

Check if the derivative of the original function is non-zero at the corresponding point. If f′(f−1(a))≠0f'(f^{-1}(a)) \neq 0f′(f−1(a))=0, then f−1(x)f^{-1}(x)f−1(x) is differentiable at x=ax = ax=a.

How do you find the value of (f−1)′(a)(f^{-1})'(a)(f−1)′(a) if you are only given a graph of f(x)f(x)f(x)?

  1. Find the point on the graph of f(x)f(x)f(x) where y=ay = ay=a. Let this point be (b,a)(b, a)(b,a). 2. Estimate the slope of the tangent line to f(x)f(x)f(x) at x=bx = bx=b. This is f′(b)f'(b)f′(b). 3. Calculate (f−1)′(a)=1f′(b)(f^{-1})'(a) = \frac{1}{f'(b)}(f−1)′(a)=f′(b)1​.

How do you handle a problem where you need to find the derivative of a composite function involving an inverse function?

  1. Apply the chain rule carefully, remembering that the derivative of the outer function is evaluated at the inner function. 2. Use the inverse derivative rule when differentiating the inverse function. 3. Simplify the expression.

How do you find the second derivative of an inverse function?

  1. Find the first derivative (f−1)′(x)=1f′(f−1(x))(f^{-1})'(x) = \frac{1}{f'(f^{-1}(x))}(f−1)′(x)=f′(f−1(x))1​. 2. Differentiate this expression using the chain rule and quotient rule. 3. Simplify the result.

How do you find the derivative of an inverse trigonometric function?

Use the formula for the derivative of an inverse function and the derivatives of trigonometric functions. For example, (sin⁡−1(x))′=11−x2(\sin^{-1}(x))' = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}(sin−1(x))′=1−x2​1​.