All Flashcards
What are the steps to determine the empirical formula from percent composition?
- Percent to grams. 2. Grams to moles. 3. Divide by the smallest mole value. 4. Multiply to get a whole number ratio.
What is matter?
Anything that has mass and takes up space.
What is a pure substance?
Composed of a single type of atom or molecule with consistent composition throughout.
What is an element?
A substance made up of only one type of atom.
What is a compound?
A substance made up of two or more different elements chemically bonded in a fixed ratio.
What is a formula unit?
Represents the lowest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound.
What is the law of definite proportions?
A chemical compound always contains the same elements in the same proportions by mass, regardless of the source or sample size.
What is an empirical formula?
The simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound.
What is the effect of increasing temperature on a gas?
The particles move faster and the gas expands if the container allows, or the pressure increases if the volume is fixed.
What is the effect of strong bonds between particles in a solid?
The solid maintains a fixed shape and volume.