All Flashcards
Define pressure in terms of gas particles.
Pressure is how often gas particles hit the walls of their container.
What is standard temperature?
0 °C or 273.15 K
What is STP?
Standard Temperature and Pressure: 1 atm and 273.15 K
Define temperature.
A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles.
What is the ideal gas constant (R)?
0.08206 L⋅atm/mol⋅K
Define mole fraction.
The ratio of moles of a gas to the total moles of gas in a mixture.
Differentiate between Boyle's Law and Charles' Law.
Boyle's Law: Pressure and volume are inversely related at constant temperature. | Charles' Law: Volume and temperature are directly related at constant pressure.
How do Gay-Lussac's Law and Avogadro's Law differ?
Gay-Lussac's Law: Pressure and temperature are directly related at constant volume. | Avogadro's Law: Volume and the number of moles are directly related at constant temperature and pressure.
What is the effect of decreasing the volume of a gas at constant temperature?
The pressure increases (Boyle's Law).
What is the effect of increasing the temperature of a gas at constant pressure?
The volume increases (Charles' Law).
What is the effect of increasing the temperature of a gas at constant volume?
The pressure increases (Gay-Lussac's Law).
What is the effect of adding more gas particles to a container at constant temperature and pressure?
The volume increases (Avogadro's Law).
What is the effect of increasing the temperature of a gas?
The average speed of the gas molecules increases.