All Flashcards
What are the three energy steps involved in forming a solution?
- Expand the solute (separate solute particles). 2. Expand the solvent (make space for solute). 3. Solute-solvent interactions (form new attractions).
What is a homogeneous mixture?
A mixture with uniform composition throughout.
What is a heterogeneous mixture?
A mixture where the composition is not uniform, and different parts are visible.
What is a solution?
A homogeneous mixture where a solute is evenly dispersed within a solvent.
Define solute.
The substance that is dissolved in a solution.
Define solvent.
The substance that dissolves the solute in a solution.
What is solvation?
The process where solvent molecules surround solute particles.
What is hydration?
Solvation where the solvent is water.
Define molarity (M).
Moles of solute per liter of solution: M = moles of solute / liters of solution
What is dilution?
Decreasing the concentration of a solution by adding more solvent.
What is the effect of adding more solvent to a solution?
It decreases the concentration of the solution (dilution).
What happens when a solute is surrounded by water molecules?
Hydration occurs.