What is the effect of adding NaCl to a solution containing Pb²⁺ ions?
If the concentration is high enough, PbCl₂ will precipitate out of the solution.
What happens if the limiting reactant in a precipitation reaction is completely consumed?
The reaction stops, and the amount of precipitate formed is determined by the amount of the limiting reactant.
What is the effect of spectator ions on the net ionic equation?
Spectator ions do not appear in the net ionic equation.
What are the steps to writing a net ionic equation?
1. Identify soluble and insoluble compounds. 2. Balance the chemical equation. 3. Write the complete ionic equation. 4. Omit spectator ions. 5. Write the net ionic equation.
Outline the steps to solve precipitation reaction problems.
1. Write and balance the equation. 2. Identify the precipitate. 3. Calculate initial moles. 4. Determine the limiting reactant. 5. Calculate mass of precipitate. 6. Calculate final ion concentrations.
What is the difference between a complete ionic equation and a net ionic equation?
Complete ionic equation: Shows all ions in solution. Net ionic equation: Shows only the ions that participate in the reaction (spectator ions are omitted).
Compare and contrast acid-base reactions and precipitation reactions.
Acid-base reactions: Involve the transfer of protons (H⁺). Precipitation reactions: Involve the formation of an insoluble solid.
Compare and contrast redox reactions and precipitation reactions.
Redox reactions: Involve the transfer of electrons. Precipitation reactions: Involve the formation of an insoluble solid.
