All Flashcards
What is a precipitate?
An insoluble solid formed when two or more aqueous solutions are mixed.
Define a precipitation reaction.
A reaction where ions in aqueous solution combine to form an insoluble solid.
What are spectator ions?
Ions that remain unchanged in a reaction and are omitted from the net ionic equation.
What is a net ionic equation?
A chemical equation that shows only the species that participate in the reaction.
Define limiting reactant.
The reactant that is completely used up first, thus limiting the amount of product formed.
What are the steps to writing a net ionic equation?
- Identify soluble and insoluble compounds. 2. Balance the chemical equation. 3. Write the complete ionic equation. 4. Omit spectator ions. 5. Write the net ionic equation.
Outline the steps to solve precipitation reaction problems.
- Write and balance the equation. 2. Identify the precipitate. 3. Calculate initial moles. 4. Determine the limiting reactant. 5. Calculate mass of precipitate. 6. Calculate final ion concentrations.
What is the difference between a complete ionic equation and a net ionic equation?
Complete ionic equation: Shows all ions in solution. Net ionic equation: Shows only the ions that participate in the reaction (spectator ions are omitted).
Compare and contrast acid-base reactions and precipitation reactions.
Acid-base reactions: Involve the transfer of protons (H⁺). Precipitation reactions: Involve the formation of an insoluble solid.
Compare and contrast redox reactions and precipitation reactions.
Redox reactions: Involve the transfer of electrons. Precipitation reactions: Involve the formation of an insoluble solid.