Molecular and Ionic Bonding
Which property is common to most ionic compounds at room temperature?
Solid state
Plasma state
Gaseous state
Liquid state
In a chemical equation, what are substances that appear on the right side called?
Reactants
Products
Intermediates
Catalysts
Which factor primarily determines the shape of an ionic solid's crystal lattice?
The presence of delocalized electrons within the structure.
The temperature at which the solid forms.
The ratio of cation to anion radii.
The polarity of the solvent used in crystallization.
Why does ZnS exhibit lower conductivity as opposed to AgBr even though both are predominantly considered as ionically bonded materials?
Sulfur atoms in ZnS pull from neighboring Zincs, destabilizing potential pathways of conductivity to a comparatively lesser extent than Bromines in AgBr do.
Silver Bromide contains metallic silver, enhancing its intrinsic conductivity levels beyond those seen in zinc sulfide structures.
Zinc sulfide possesses high defect density impeding free movement of electrons across its crystalline framework, contrary to silver bromide's case.
ZnS has covalent bonding characteristics due to its small size/high charge ratio facilitating electron sharing rather than pure transfer observed typically within AgBr's composition.
What type of crystal structure is expected for calcium fluoride (CaF2), given calcium’s +2 charge and fluoride's -1 charge?
Zinc blende structure where cations fill half the tetrahedral sites within FCC anion framework.
Face-centered cubic lattice for Ca^+^ and simple cubic lattice for F^-^.
Fluorite structure where both cations and anions occupy face-centered cubic lattices.
Sodium chloride-like structure with alternating positions within a cubic close-packed array.
What type of geometrical arrangement can be observed around caesium ion (Cs+) in CsCl where each ion has eight nearest neighbours?
Tetrahedral arrangement
Cubic arrangement
Octahedral arrangement
Trigonal pyramidal arrangement
Which state function indicates the spontaneity of a process at constant pressure and temperature?
Enthalpy (ΔH)
Gibbs free energy (ΔG)
Internal energy (ΔE)
Entropy (ΔS)

How are we doing?
Give us your feedback and let us know how we can improve
Which of the following is the formula for the compound formed by aluminum and chlorine atoms?
AlCl₂
AlCl
AlCl₃
Al₃Cl
Considering lattice energy trends in ionic solids, which factor most directly contributes to a greater lattice energy?
Higher temperature
Smaller ion size
Increased molecular mass
Lower charge density
What geometric shape does a sodium chloride (NaCl) crystal typically form?
Tetrahedron
Dodecahedron
Cube
Octahedron