Acids and Bases
In an exothermic reaction, what happens to the energy in terms of heat?
It is released.
It remains constant.
It changes phase.
It is absorbed.
What will happen to the buffer capacity of an acetic acid/sodium acetate buffer system if additional sodium acetate is added?
There will be no change in the buffer capacity.
The buffer capacity will decrease.
The buffer capacity will increase.
The pH of the buffer will increase drastically.
What effect does diluting a buffered solution have on its ability to resist changes in pH when strong acids or bases are added?
Increased resistance due to increased solvent volume
Increased resistance because diluted solutions are more stable
No change in resistance as long as proportions remain constant
Lower resistance due to reduced concentrations (both components)
Which action would most likely increase the buffer capacity of a neutral phosphate range solution after adding several drops of concentrated HCl?
Heating the solution to boiling point
Diluting the solution with distilled water
Adding solid sodium phosphate
Increasing the proportion of sodium dihydrogen phosphate in the solution.
When comparing two buffers made with weak acids having different pKa values, which one will generally have better buffering capacity near pH = 7?
The one with the weak acid that has the highest pKa value.
The one with the weak acid that has the lowest pKa value.
Both will have equal buffering capacities regardless of their pKa values.
The one with the weak acid that has a pKa value close to 7.
What occurs when a strong base is incrementally added to a buffer composed of acetic acid and sodium acetate?
There's no change until all acetic acid and sodium acetate are consumed because they are both resistant to changes in pH level from bases or acids respectively
The strong base increases hydronium ion concentration leading to an acidic shift in pH value.
The acetic acid reacts with the strong base, reducing significant changes in pH levels until its near depletion.
Sodium acetate precipitates out, causing an erratic increase in pH levels immediately upon addition of base.
Which salt needs to be added to a solution of HF in order to create an effective buffer system that resists changes in pH upon addition of small amounts of strong bases or acids?
NaCl
NaF
LiI
KBr

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Which of the following electronic configurations would likely result in an element having the highest propensity to form ionic bonds with a halogen?
[Ar]4s^2
[Ne]3s^2
[Xe]6s^2
[Kr]5s^1
What would be considered an effect on buffering capacity when diluting a buffer with pure water?
The formation of more hydronium ion
Decreased buffering capacity
Increased buffering capacity
Unchanged buffering capacity
Which of the following occurs after the buffer capacity has been exceeded?
The rate of pH change does not increase
The rate of pH change increases greatly
The pH does not change
The rate of pH change increases a little bit