Acids and Bases
What would likely happen if an acid spill occurs at an industrial plant and workers use a sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) solution to neutralize it?
The acid’s corrosiveness increases due to a vigorous exothermic reaction with sodium bicarbonate.
The spill area becomes safer as sodium bicarbonate reacts with the acid to form a non-hazardous salt and water.
The baking soda reduces the oxidation state of elements within the acid, rendering them inert.
Sodium bicarbonate evaporates immediately upon contact, leaving the acid unaffected.
What effect does adding more NaCH₃COO have on an acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution's ability to resist changes in its own established equilibrium pH levels when small amounts HCl is added?
It decreases buffer's capacity because sodium ion interferes with hydrogen-ion activity
It has no effect since only concentration affects buffering action
It reduces pH due to increasing overall solution conductivity thereby promoting dissociation ions from
It increases buffer's capacity by providing more acetate ion for reaction with added Hydrogen ion
Which is a possible outcome when a strong base like sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is added to a buffer containing acetic acid and its conjugate base?
Formation of sodium chloride (NaCl).
An increase in the concentration of sodium acetate.
A significant increase in purity of hydrogen gas (H2).
No change in buffer components due to NaOH volatility.
What occurs when hydrochloric acid (HCl) is titrated with aqueous ammonia (NH3)?
Nitric acid (HNO3) forms.
Chloramine (NH2Cl) forms.
Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) forms.
Hydrogen gas (H2) evolves.
What is the approximate pH of a solution prepared by mixing equal volumes of 0.05 M methylamine and 0.20 M hydrochloric acid?
1.63
2.57
10.5
1.12
To understand how buffer solutions resist changes in pH upon dilution, which experimental question should be explored?
What are the effects of increasing salt ions on precipitation reactions concerning their solubility products at fixed volumes?
In what way does altering atmospheric pressure influence phase change temperatures for pure substances compared across different altitudes?
Which factor has more impact on redox potentials - changes in molar ratios between reactants or variations in electrode surface area within electrochemical cells?
How does serial dilution affect the pH stability range provided by various weak-acid/weak-base conjugate pairs at equivalent initial concentrations?
Which term describes a substance that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions when dissolved in water?
Buffer
Salt
Acid
Base

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What is produced when an acid reacts with a base according to the Arrhenius definition?
Salt only
Water and salt
Hydrogen gas
Oxygen and water
Given equal molar concentrations, which aqueous solution would exhibit the lowest pH?
0.10 M HCl
0.10 M NH3
0.10 M NaCl
0.10 M CH3COOH
Which laboratory tool can accurately measure the acidity of solutions by providing their exact pH value?
pH meter
Graduated cylinder
Beaker
Thermometer