All Flashcards
Cause and effect of Zapatista Army declaration of war?
Cause: Demanding rights for indigenous populations. Effect: Expanded indigenous rights.
Cause and effect of 2009 Uyghur riots in China?
Cause: Dissatisfaction with government treatment. Effect: Government violence and concentration camps.
Cause and effect of Chechen conflict in Russia?
Cause: Chechen resistance to Russian control. Effect: Russian military force.
Cause and effect of violent political behavior?
Cause: Citizens feel conventional options are ineffective. Effect: Increased likelihood of violent actions.
Cause and effect of referenda?
Cause: Promote democratic policymaking, bypass legislature. Effect: Citizens directly decide on policy.
Cause and effect of Boko Haram violence in Nigeria?
Cause: Desire to create an independent state. Effect: Nigerian government response with violence.
Cause and effect of Iran's response to protests?
Cause: Protests over oil prices, calls for removal of Supreme Leader. Effect: Internet shutdowns and violence.
Cause and effect of Russia's annexation of Crimea?
Cause: Expansionist goals, political influence. Effect: International condemnation, ongoing conflict.
Cause and effect of protests as safety valves?
Cause: Citizen discontent. Effect: Prevention of rebellion through expression.
Cause and effect of formal political participation?
Cause: Enhance legitimacy, gather input. Effect: Act as a safety valve, check government policies.
What is the purpose of compulsory voting policies?
To increase voter turnout and ensure broader representation.
What is the effect of internet shutdown policies in Iran?
To suppress dissent and control information flow during protests.
What is political participation?
How individuals and groups engage in the political process.
Define voluntary participation.
Participation chosen freely by individuals.
Define coerced participation.
Participation forced by the government.
What is civil society?
Shared interests, purposes, and values of non-governmental agencies enhancing citizen participation in policymaking.
Define legitimacy.
The right to rule as determined by citizens.
What are safety valves?
Processes that allow discontented citizens to express themselves to prevent rebellion.
What is a referendum?
A vote allowing citizens to vote directly on policy questions.
Define compulsory voting.
Voting required by law.
Define counter-protests.
Protests organized to diminish the impact of opposition protests.
What is supportive participation?
Political participation in support of the regime.