Glossary
Constitution (as a source of legitimacy)
Legitimacy derived from adherence to a foundational legal document that outlines the structure, powers, and limits of government, often established after a significant political event.
Example:
The Mexican government's authority is bolstered by its adherence to the principles and framework established by the 1917 Constitution, a direct outcome of the Mexican Revolution.
Economic Growth (as a source of legitimacy)
Legitimacy derived from a government's ability to deliver sustained economic prosperity, improve living standards, and provide opportunities for its citizens.
Example:
The Chinese Communist Party maintains significant economic growth as a key pillar of its legitimacy, pointing to rising incomes and reduced poverty.
Independence (as a source of legitimacy)
Legitimacy gained from achieving self-governance and sovereignty from colonial rule or external domination, often celebrated as a foundational national event.
Example:
Nigeria's government draws significant independence from its successful struggle against British colonial rule, marking a new era of self-determination.
Nationalism (as a source of legitimacy)
Legitimacy derived from a strong sense of national identity, shared culture, and pride in one's nation, often emphasizing historical achievements or a common destiny.
Example:
A government that rallies its citizens around a shared sense of national pride and historical glory, such as celebrating a significant military victory, is leveraging nationalism for legitimacy.
Political Legitimacy
The belief held by a population that their government has the right to wield power, making citizens more likely to follow its rules.
Example:
When citizens widely accept election results and the authority of elected officials, it demonstrates strong political legitimacy.
Religion (as a source of legitimacy)
Legitimacy derived from adherence to religious principles, divine right, or the endorsement of religious institutions and leaders.
Example:
In Iran, the authority of the Supreme Leader and the government is deeply intertwined with the principles of Shia Islam, making religion a primary source of legitimacy.
Revolution (as a source of legitimacy)
Legitimacy gained through a fundamental and often violent overthrow of a previous political system, establishing a new order based on revolutionary ideals.
Example:
The Iranian government's authority is significantly rooted in the 1979 Islamic Revolution, which fundamentally reshaped the country's political and social structure.
Tradition (as a source of legitimacy)
Legitimacy derived from long-standing customs, historical continuity, and established practices that have been accepted over time.
Example:
The continued respect for the British monarchy, despite its limited political power, is an example of tradition as a source of legitimacy.