Political Institutions
Who is responsible for implementing and executing policies through different agencies in the United Kingdom?
President
Supreme Leader
Prime Minister
Monarch
Which of the following would not typically be a citizen's right regarding the executive system?
Expressing opinions in newspapers
Issuing defense orders
Signing petitions for policy changes
Lobbying legislators
Which executive system would most likely facilitate rapid policy implementation in a country with a tradition of centralized authority and a homogenous culture?
A federal system with multiple veto players.
A semi-presidential system with cohabitation.
A presidential system with a strong mandate.
A parliamentary system with coalition governments.
What type of voting system encourages coalition governments due to its tendency to produce a more proportional representation in the legislature?
Plurality voting systems.
Presidential systems.
Majoritarian elections.
Proportional representation.
Analyze how semi-presidential systems balance potential conflicts between presidents and prime ministers with differing ideologies regarding domestic policy decisions?
Domestic policies are determined exclusively by direct referendums, making individual leader ideologies irrelevant.
Semi-presidentialism ensures uniformity of ideology because either president or Prime Minister will always step down if conflicts arise.
Presidents exclusively handle foreign affairs while Prime Ministers focus only on domestic issues, eliminating any conflict over domestic policies.
The dual leadership structure necessitates negotiation and power-sharing arrangements that accommodate both leaders' ideological preferences.
In a presidential system, how might the political ideology of a president influence policy implementation when the legislature is controlled by an opposing party?
The president may easily implement policies as they can bypass the legislature through executive orders.
Policy implementation may be hindered due to ideological clashes between the executive and legislative branches.
Political ideology has no significant effect since the judiciary, not the legislature, primarily checks presidential power.
Policies are implemented solely based on public opinion rather than ideological differences between branches.
What is the primary role of a prime minister in a parliamentary system?
Head of government
Ceremonial head of state
Sole legislator
Commander-in-chief of the military

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Which executive system features a single chief executive who is selected apart from the legislature?
Semi-Presidential system
Directorial system
Presidential system
Parliamentary system
Which action would typically be expected from citizens to hold their executive leader accountable?
Participating in peaceful protests
Forming a new government
Issuing executive orders
Declaring martial law
Which position would typically have zero policy-making power in most modern governments?
Ceremonial head of state
Ceremonial head of state
Ceremonial head of state
Ceremonial head of state