Political Institutions
Which individual holds significant power in both executive and legislative branches under most parliamentary systems?
Chief Justice.
Vice President.
Prime Minister.
Speaker Parliament.
Considering parliamentary systems, how would backbenchers' influence over legislation likely compare in majoritarian versus proportional representation systems?
The same level of influence as backbenchers’ roles are defined by parliamentary rules rather than electoral systems.
Less influence in majoritarian systems due to stronger party discipline required for maintaining government stability.
Greater influence in majoritarian systems because individual members often hold decisive votes.
Greater influence in proportional representation due to increased need for coalition-building among parties.
In which type of legislative system is an elected official most likely directly accountable to a specific geographic constituency?
Proportional representation system with closed lists
Mixed electoral system combining both proportional and majoritarian features
Multi-round runoff electoral system
Single-member district plurality system
Which of the following legislative systems is characterized by a single chamber or house?
Bicameral
Tri-cameral
Multi-cameral
Unicameral
In a parliamentary system, who typically has the power to draft and propose legislation?
Interest groups representatives.
Supreme court justices.
The president.
Members of parliament.
Which legislative system allows for a fusion of executive and legislative powers?
Federal
Parliamentary
Unitary
Presidential
What is the key advantage of a bicameral legislature?
Greater stability and predictability.
Simplicity and easier public participation.
Checks and balances between two chambers.
Representation from different segments of the population.

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In which legislative system does the majority party form the executive branch without checks from other parties?
Presidential system
Federal system
Confederal system
Parliamentary system
Which scenario exemplifies how societal norms can shape legislative behavior in a bicameral system where one house represents regional interests?
National parties often override regional concerns leading to uniform policies across regions despite differing local norms.
Representatives from regions with strong local identities may form coalitions to influence national policy decisions significantly.
Regional representatives typically adopt positions consistent with international norms over local preferences due to global pressures.
The upper house becomes ceremonial with little impact on shaping regional-specific legislation due to societal homogeneity.
What is often a characteristic feature of majoritarian electoral systems?
Proportional representation seats.
Round table negotiations between partisan factions before election results are finalized.
Multiple rounds of voting until consensus is reached.
Winner-take-all outcomes.