All Flashcards
What does the following code output?
java
int x = 5;
if (x > 3) {
System.out.println("A");
} else {
System.out.println("B");
}
A
What does the following code output?
java
int x = 10;
if (x < 5 && x > 7) {
System.out.println("True");
} else {
System.out.println("False");
}
False
What does the following code output?
java
String str1 = "hello";
String str2 = new String("hello");
if (str1.equals(str2)) {
System.out.println("Equal");
} else {
System.out.println("Not Equal");
}
Equal
What does the following code output?
java
boolean a = true;
boolean b = false;
System.out.println(!a || b);
false
Identify the error in the following code:
java
if (x = 5) {
System.out.println("x is 5");
}
The condition should use == for comparison, not = for assignment. It should be if (x == 5).
What does the following code output?
java
int score = 75;
if (score >= 90) {
System.out.println("A");
} else if (score >= 80) {
System.out.println("B");
} else if (score >= 70) {
System.out.println("C");
} else {
System.out.println("D");
}
C
What does the following code output?
java
int num = 6;
if (num % 2 == 0 && num % 3 == 0) {
System.out.println("Divisible by 2 and 3");
} else {
System.out.println("Not divisible by 2 and 3");
}
Divisible by 2 and 3
What does the following code output?
java
int age = 20;
String message = (age >= 18) ? "Adult" : "Minor";
System.out.println(message);
Adult
What does the following code output?
java
String s1 = new String("Java");
String s2 = new String("Java");
System.out.println(s1 == s2);
false
What does the following code output?
java
boolean x = false, y = true;
if (x = y) {
System.out.println("True");
} else {
System.out.println("False");
}
True
What is branching in programming?
Branching is where a program takes different paths of execution based on conditions.
Why are boolean expressions important?
They are the foundation of all decision-making in programs, allowing code to react to different situations.
What is operator precedence?
The order in which operators are evaluated in an expression. ! has higher precedence than &&, which has higher precedence than ||.
Explain nested conditionals.
Putting if statements inside other if statements to create more complex logic.
What is a compound boolean statement?
A statement that combines multiple simple boolean expressions using logical operators.
Why should you use .equals() instead of == when comparing objects?
== checks if two references point to the same object, while .equals() checks if the objects have the same content.
What is the purpose of a return statement inside a conditional block?
It immediately exits the method, skipping any remaining code in the method.
What does it mean for boolean expressions to be equivalent?
They always evaluate to the same boolean value for all possible inputs.
How can truth tables be used in boolean logic?
Truth tables can be used to prove the equivalence of boolean expressions and to simplify complex logic.
What is the difference between a simple and compound boolean expression?
A simple boolean expression contains a single comparison, while a compound boolean expression combines multiple simple expressions with logical operators.
How are boolean expressions and conditional statements used in validating user input?
They are used to check if the input meets certain criteria (e.g., is within a valid range, is of the correct format) before processing it.
How are conditional statements used in game development?
To control game logic, such as character movement, collision detection, and scoring.
How are boolean expressions and conditional statements used in decision-making systems?
They are used to evaluate different options and select the best course of action based on predefined rules.
How are conditional statements used in controlling access to resources?
They are used to check user permissions and grant or deny access based on their roles and privileges.
How are boolean expressions used in search algorithms?
To filter results based on specific criteria, such as keywords, date ranges, or file types.
How are conditional statements used in automated systems?
To make decisions based on sensor data or other inputs, such as adjusting temperature, activating alarms, or controlling machinery.
How are boolean expressions used in data analysis?
To filter and categorize data based on specific conditions, such as identifying outliers or grouping similar data points.
How are conditional statements used in web applications?
To handle different user interactions, display different content based on user roles, and control navigation.
How are boolean expressions used in AI and machine learning?
To create decision trees and other models that classify data based on specific features.
How are conditional statements used in financial modeling?
To simulate different scenarios and predict outcomes based on various economic conditions.