All Flashcards
What is the definition of Iteration?
The process of repeating a block of code until a condition is met.
What is a while loop?
A loop that executes a block of code repeatedly as long as a specified condition remains true.
What is an infinite loop?
A loop where the condition always evaluates to true, causing the loop to run indefinitely.
What is a sentinel value in a loop?
A specific input that signals the end of the loop.
What is a flag variable in a loop?
A boolean variable used to control the execution of a loop, typically set to true initially and false to exit.
What does the break statement do in a loop?
Immediately exits the loop, regardless of the loop condition.
What does the continue statement do in a loop?
Skips the rest of the current iteration and jumps to the next iteration.
What is an Exception?
An error that occurs during program execution.
What is a try block?
A block of code that might throw an exception.
What is a catch block?
A block of code that handles specific exceptions thrown in the try block.
What is a finally block?
A block of code that always executes, regardless of exceptions.
What does the following code output?
java
int i = 0;
while (i < 5) {
System.out.println(i);
i++;
}
0 1 2 3 4
Identify the error in the following code:
java
int i = 0;
while (i < 5) {
System.out.println(i);
}
The loop will run infinitely because the value of i is never updated.
What does the following code output?
java
int i = 5;
while (i > 0) {
System.out.println(i);
i--;
}
5 4 3 2 1
Identify the error in the following code:
java
int i = 10;
while (i > 0);
{
System.out.println(i);
i--;
}
The semicolon after the while condition creates an empty loop, and the subsequent block is executed only once.
What does the following code output?
java
int i = 0;
while (i < 10) {
if (i % 2 == 0) {
System.out.println(i + " is even");
}
i++;
}
0 is even 2 is even 4 is even 6 is even 8 is even
Identify the error in the following code:
java
int i = 0;
while (i < 5) {
System.out.println(i);
i++;
if (i == 3) {
break;
}
}
No error. This code will print 0, 1, and 2, then exit the loop.
What does the following code output?
java
int i = 0;
while (i < 5) {
i++;
if (i == 3) {
continue;
}
System.out.println(i);
}
1 2 4 5
Identify the error in the following code:
java
int number = -5;
while (number > 0) {
System.out.println(number);
number--;
}
The loop condition is initially false, so the loop body will never execute.
What does the following code output?
java
int i = 0;
while (true) {
System.out.println(i);
i++;
if (i > 5) {
break;
}
}
0 1 2 3 4 5
Identify the error in the following code:
java
int i = 0;
while (i < 5) {
System.out.println(i++);
}
No error. This code will print 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4.
What does the following code output?
java
int x = 10;
try {
int result = x / 0;
System.out.println("Result: " + result);
} catch (ArithmeticException e) {
System.out.println("Error: Division by zero");
}
Error: Division by zero
What are the differences between break and continue statements?
break: Exits the loop entirely. | continue: Skips the current iteration and proceeds to the next.
What are the differences between a sentinel-controlled and a flag-controlled while loop?
Sentinel: Loop ends based on a specific input value. | Flag: Loop ends based on a condition changing a boolean variable.
What are the differences between try, catch, and finally blocks in exception handling?
try: Encloses code that might throw an exception. | catch: Handles a specific exception. | finally: Always executes, regardless of exceptions.