All Flashcards
What is the key principle behind using a while loop?
To repeatedly execute a block of code as long as a specified condition remains true.
Why is it important to avoid infinite loops?
Infinite loops can crash your program by consuming resources indefinitely.
What is the purpose of a loop control variable?
To control the number of iterations in a loop and ensure it terminates correctly.
Explain the concept of a sentinel-controlled loop.
A loop that continues until a specific input (the sentinel) is entered, signaling the end of the loop.
Explain the concept of a flag-controlled loop.
A loop that continues until a specific condition is met within the loop, indicated by a flag variable.
What are the four loopy questions used for debugging loops?
- Does my loop start right? 2. Does my loop end right? 3. Does my loop make progress towards completion? 4. Will the method break in the middle of the loop?
How does exception handling make code more robust?
By preventing crashes due to runtime errors and allowing the program to gracefully handle unexpected situations.
What is the purpose of the throws keyword in a method signature?
It indicates that the method might throw a specific exception, which must be handled by the calling method.
What is the importance of initializing variables before using them in a loop?
Ensures that the loop starts with a known state and avoids unexpected behavior.
Explain the difference between a skipped loop and an infinite loop.
A skipped loop never executes because the condition is initially false, while an infinite loop never terminates because the condition is always true.
What are the differences between break and continue statements?
break: Exits the loop entirely. | continue: Skips the current iteration and proceeds to the next.
What are the differences between a sentinel-controlled and a flag-controlled while loop?
Sentinel: Loop ends based on a specific input value. | Flag: Loop ends based on a condition changing a boolean variable.
What are the differences between try, catch, and finally blocks in exception handling?
try: Encloses code that might throw an exception. | catch: Handles a specific exception. | finally: Always executes, regardless of exceptions.
What is the definition of Iteration?
The process of repeating a block of code until a condition is met.
What is a while loop?
A loop that executes a block of code repeatedly as long as a specified condition remains true.
What is an infinite loop?
A loop where the condition always evaluates to true, causing the loop to run indefinitely.
What is a sentinel value in a loop?
A specific input that signals the end of the loop.
What is a flag variable in a loop?
A boolean variable used to control the execution of a loop, typically set to true initially and false to exit.
What does the break statement do in a loop?
Immediately exits the loop, regardless of the loop condition.
What does the continue statement do in a loop?
Skips the rest of the current iteration and jumps to the next iteration.
What is an Exception?
An error that occurs during program execution.
What is a try block?
A block of code that might throw an exception.
What is a catch block?
A block of code that handles specific exceptions thrown in the try block.
What is a finally block?
A block of code that always executes, regardless of exceptions.