All Flashcards
What are the steps to determine if a number is divisible by another number without using the modulo operator?
- Check for invalid input (negative number or non-positive divisor). 2. If the number is 0, return true. 3. While the number is greater than 0, subtract the divisor from the number. 4. Return true if the number is 0 after the loop, false otherwise.
What are the steps to extract digits from an integer?
- Check for invalid input (negative number). 2. While the number is not 0, print the last digit (number % 10). 3. Remove the last digit (number /= 10).
What are the steps to find the minimum value from a series of user inputs using a while loop?
- Initialize min with the first input number. 2. While the input is not the sentinel value, compare the input with min. 3. If the input is less than min, update min. 4. Get the next input.
What are the steps to find the maximum value from a series of user inputs using a while loop?
- Initialize max with the first input number. 2. While the input is not the sentinel value, compare the input with max. 3. If the input is greater than max, update max. 4. Get the next input.
What are the steps to compute the sum of a series of user inputs using a while loop?
- Initialize sum to 0. 2. While the input is not the sentinel value, add the input to sum. 3. Get the next input.
What are the steps to compute the average of a series of user inputs using a while loop?
- Initialize sum to 0 and counter to 0. 2. While the input is not the sentinel value, add the input to sum and increment counter. 3. Get the next input. 4. Calculate the average (sum / counter).
What is the key principle behind using a while loop?
To repeatedly execute a block of code as long as a specified condition remains true.
Why is it important to avoid infinite loops?
Infinite loops can crash your program by consuming resources indefinitely.
What is the purpose of a loop control variable?
To control the number of iterations in a loop and ensure it terminates correctly.
Explain the concept of a sentinel-controlled loop.
A loop that continues until a specific input (the sentinel) is entered, signaling the end of the loop.
Explain the concept of a flag-controlled loop.
A loop that continues until a specific condition is met within the loop, indicated by a flag variable.
What are the four loopy questions used for debugging loops?
- Does my loop start right? 2. Does my loop end right? 3. Does my loop make progress towards completion? 4. Will the method break in the middle of the loop?
How does exception handling make code more robust?
By preventing crashes due to runtime errors and allowing the program to gracefully handle unexpected situations.
What is the purpose of the throws keyword in a method signature?
It indicates that the method might throw a specific exception, which must be handled by the calling method.
What is the importance of initializing variables before using them in a loop?
Ensures that the loop starts with a known state and avoids unexpected behavior.
Explain the difference between a skipped loop and an infinite loop.
A skipped loop never executes because the condition is initially false, while an infinite loop never terminates because the condition is always true.
What is the definition of Iteration?
The process of repeating a block of code until a condition is met.
What is a while loop?
A loop that executes a block of code repeatedly as long as a specified condition remains true.
What is an infinite loop?
A loop where the condition always evaluates to true, causing the loop to run indefinitely.
What is a sentinel value in a loop?
A specific input that signals the end of the loop.
What is a flag variable in a loop?
A boolean variable used to control the execution of a loop, typically set to true initially and false to exit.
What does the break statement do in a loop?
Immediately exits the loop, regardless of the loop condition.
What does the continue statement do in a loop?
Skips the rest of the current iteration and jumps to the next iteration.
What is an Exception?
An error that occurs during program execution.
What is a try block?
A block of code that might throw an exception.
What is a catch block?
A block of code that handles specific exceptions thrown in the try block.
What is a finally block?
A block of code that always executes, regardless of exceptions.