#🚀 AP Computer Science A: Iteration Study Guide 🚀

Welcome! This guide is designed to help you ace the iteration concepts on your AP CSA exam. Let's get started!

#🎯 The Big Picture: Iteration

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#⚖️ Exam Weighting

• 17.5-22.5% of the exam
• Roughly 7 to 9 multiple-choice questions
• A key component of FRQ #1, testing your ability to write methods using loops.

#💡 Enduring Understanding

We're adding iteration to our toolbox! Loops simplify repetitive code, enabling us to tackle complex problems. We'll explore two types: while loops and for loops.

#🤔 Building Computational Thinking

Careful loop construction is crucial! We need to ensure loops run the correct number of times, avoid infinite loops, and produce accurate results. We'll learn techniques to trace and debug loops effectively.

#📝 Main Ideas

• While Loops
• For Loops
• String Traversals
• String Algorithms
• Nested Iterations
• Tracing

# 🔄 4.1 While Loops

A while loop executes a block of code while a condition is true. The condition is checked before each iteration. Once the condition becomes false, the loop terminates.

A visual representation of a while loop's control flow.

java
int i = 0;
while (i < 5) {
    System.out.print(i);
    i++;
}

Output: 01234

• Initialization: int i = 0; (Sets up the loop variable)
• Condition: i < 5 (Loop continues as long as this is true) ...