All Flashcards
What is a variable?
A named container that stores information which can change during program execution.
What are data types?
The type of data a variable can hold (e.g., integer, string, boolean).
What is a procedure?
A reusable block of code that performs a specific task.
What are parameters?
Inputs to procedures that allow them to operate on different data.
What are return values?
The result a procedure sends back after it completes its task.
What is the Internet?
A global network of interconnected computers that communicate using standard protocols.
What is the World Wide Web?
A system of linked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet.
What is HTML?
The language used to structure web pages.
What is binary?
The fundamental language of computers using 0s and 1s.
What is cybersecurity?
Measures taken to protect computer systems and networks from threats.
What is sequence in programming?
Instructions are executed in order, one after the other.
What is selection in programming?
Code blocks are executed based on conditions (if, if-else).
What is iteration in programming?
Code blocks are repeated until a condition is met or for a specific number of times (loops).
What is the purpose of random number generation?
To introduce unpredictability and simulate real-world events in programs.
Describe the function of routers in the Internet.
Routers direct data packets between networks to ensure they reach their destination.
Explain the role of protocols in Internet communication.
Protocols are standard rules that enable computers to communicate with each other. Examples include TCP/IP, HTTP, and DNS.
What is data representation?
How data is encoded and stored in a computer system (e.g., binary, ASCII, Unicode).
What is data visualization?
Using charts and graphs to understand patterns in data.
What is data mining?
Discovering useful information from large datasets.
What is ethical computing?
Applying moral principles to the use of computers and technology, including privacy, avoiding bias, and respecting intellectual property.
What are the steps to generate a random number in Python?
- Import the
randommodule. 2. Use a function likerandom.randint(a, b)to generate a random integer between a and b, inclusive.
What are the steps to simulate rolling a six-sided die in pseudocode?
- Use
RANDOM(1, 6)to generate a random integer between 1 and 6.
What are the steps to protect against phishing attacks?
- Be suspicious of unsolicited emails. 2. Verify the sender's identity. 3. Don't click on suspicious links. 4. Use strong passwords.
What are the general steps for data analysis?
- Collect the data. 2. Clean the data. 3. Analyze the data. 4. Visualize the data. 5. Draw conclusions.
What are the steps to create a secure password?
- Use a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters. 2. Include numbers and symbols. 3. Make it at least 12 characters long. 4. Avoid common words or phrases.
What are the steps to represent an image in a computer?
- Divide the image into pixels. 2. Assign each pixel a color value (e.g., RGB). 3. Store the color values as binary data.
What are the steps to connect to the Internet?
- Ensure you have a network interface card (NIC). 2. Connect to a network (e.g., Wi-Fi or Ethernet). 3. Configure your IP address and DNS settings. 4. Test the connection.
What are the steps to declare a variable in Python?
- Choose a name for the variable. 2. Assign a value to the variable using the assignment operator (=). 3. The data type is automatically inferred.
What are the steps to write a basic HTML page?
- Start with
<!DOCTYPE html>. 2. Add the<html>tag. 3. Include<head>and<body>sections. 4. Add content within the<body>section.
What are the steps to protect your computer from malware?
- Install antivirus software. 2. Keep your software up to date. 3. Be careful when opening email attachments. 4. Avoid suspicious websites.