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  2. AP Computer Science Principles
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What are the steps to generate a random number in Python?

  1. Import the random module. 2. Use a function like random.randint(a, b) to generate a random integer between a and b, inclusive.
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What are the steps to generate a random number in Python?

  1. Import the random module. 2. Use a function like random.randint(a, b) to generate a random integer between a and b, inclusive.

What are the steps to simulate rolling a six-sided die in pseudocode?

  1. Use RANDOM(1, 6) to generate a random integer between 1 and 6.

What are the steps to protect against phishing attacks?

  1. Be suspicious of unsolicited emails. 2. Verify the sender's identity. 3. Don't click on suspicious links. 4. Use strong passwords.

What are the general steps for data analysis?

  1. Collect the data. 2. Clean the data. 3. Analyze the data. 4. Visualize the data. 5. Draw conclusions.

What are the steps to create a secure password?

  1. Use a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters. 2. Include numbers and symbols. 3. Make it at least 12 characters long. 4. Avoid common words or phrases.

What are the steps to represent an image in a computer?

  1. Divide the image into pixels. 2. Assign each pixel a color value (e.g., RGB). 3. Store the color values as binary data.

What are the steps to connect to the Internet?

  1. Ensure you have a network interface card (NIC). 2. Connect to a network (e.g., Wi-Fi or Ethernet). 3. Configure your IP address and DNS settings. 4. Test the connection.

What are the steps to declare a variable in Python?

  1. Choose a name for the variable. 2. Assign a value to the variable using the assignment operator (=). 3. The data type is automatically inferred.

What are the steps to write a basic HTML page?

  1. Start with <!DOCTYPE html>. 2. Add the <html> tag. 3. Include <head> and <body> sections. 4. Add content within the <body> section.

What are the steps to protect your computer from malware?

  1. Install antivirus software. 2. Keep your software up to date. 3. Be careful when opening email attachments. 4. Avoid suspicious websites.

What is sequence in programming?

Instructions are executed in order, one after the other.

What is selection in programming?

Code blocks are executed based on conditions (if, if-else).

What is iteration in programming?

Code blocks are repeated until a condition is met or for a specific number of times (loops).

What is the purpose of random number generation?

To introduce unpredictability and simulate real-world events in programs.

Describe the function of routers in the Internet.

Routers direct data packets between networks to ensure they reach their destination.

Explain the role of protocols in Internet communication.

Protocols are standard rules that enable computers to communicate with each other. Examples include TCP/IP, HTTP, and DNS.

What is data representation?

How data is encoded and stored in a computer system (e.g., binary, ASCII, Unicode).

What is data visualization?

Using charts and graphs to understand patterns in data.

What is data mining?

Discovering useful information from large datasets.

What is ethical computing?

Applying moral principles to the use of computers and technology, including privacy, avoiding bias, and respecting intellectual property.

What are the differences between the Internet and the World Wide Web?

Internet: The global network infrastructure. | World Wide Web: A service that uses the Internet to access linked hypertext documents.

What are the differences between ASCII and Unicode?

ASCII: Represents characters using 7 or 8 bits. | Unicode: Represents characters using a variable number of bits (up to 4 bytes), supporting a wider range of characters.

What are the differences between positive and negative impacts of the Internet?

Positive: Increased access to information, global communication. | Negative: Privacy concerns, cybersecurity risks.

What are the differences between random.random() and random.randint() in Python?

random.random(): Returns a random float between 0.0 and 1.0. | random.randint(a, b): Returns a random integer between a and b (inclusive).

What are the differences between sequence and selection control structures?

Sequence: Instructions are executed in order. | Selection: Code blocks are executed based on a condition.

What are the differences between lossy and lossless data compression?

Lossy: Some data is lost during compression, reducing file size significantly. | Lossless: All data is preserved during compression, allowing for perfect reconstruction.

What are the differences between a client and a server?

Client: Requests services from a server. | Server: Provides services to clients.

What are the differences between a variable and a constant?

Variable: Its value can change during program execution. | Constant: Its value remains the same throughout program execution.

What are the differences between a compiler and an interpreter?

Compiler: Translates the entire source code into machine code before execution. | Interpreter: Translates and executes the source code line by line.

What are the differences between a firewall and antivirus software?

Firewall: Prevents unauthorized access to a network or computer. | Antivirus: Detects and removes malicious software from a computer.