All Flashcards
How is random number generation applied in real-world scenarios?
Simulations, games, cryptography, and statistical sampling.
How is data visualization applied in real-world scenarios?
Business intelligence, scientific research, and public health monitoring.
How is cybersecurity applied in real-world scenarios?
Protecting financial transactions, securing personal data, and preventing cyber warfare.
How is the concept of variables used in a banking system?
Storing customer account balances, transaction amounts, and interest rates.
How are control structures used in traffic light systems?
To control the sequence and timing of traffic lights based on conditions (e.g., time of day, traffic volume).
How is HTML used in e-commerce websites?
To structure the content of product pages, shopping carts, and checkout forms.
How is data mining used in marketing?
To identify customer segments, predict purchasing behavior, and personalize marketing campaigns.
How is encryption used in online communication?
To protect the confidentiality of messages and data transmitted over the Internet.
How is the Internet used in education?
To provide access to online courses, research materials, and educational resources.
How is binary representation used in image processing?
Representing pixel color values for image storage, manipulation, and display.
What does RANDOM(1, 6) return in pseudocode?
A random integer between 1 and 6, inclusive.
What is the purpose of the following Python code?
python
import random
c = random.randint(a, b)
To generate a random integer between 'a' and 'b' (inclusive) and assign it to the variable 'c'.
Predict the output:
pseudocode
count ← 0
LOOP 5 TIMES
roll ← RANDOM(1, 2)
IF roll = 1
count ← count + 1
END IF
END LOOP
DISPLAY count
A number between 0 and 5, inclusive, representing the number of times 1 was rolled.
Complete the following Python code to generate a random number between 10 and 20:
python
import random
number = random.______(10, 20)
randint
What is the output of this code?
python
import random
random.seed(42)
print(random.randint(1, 10))
random.seed(42)
print(random.randint(1, 10))
The same number will be printed twice because the seed is set to the same value before each call to randint().
Identify the error:
python
import random
print(random.randInt(1, 10))
random.randInt should be random.randint. Python is case-sensitive.
Predict the output:
pseudocode
number ← RANDOM(1, 10)
DISPLAY number
A random integer between 1 and 10 (inclusive).
Complete the pseudocode to simulate rolling a die:
pseudocode
roll ← RANDOM(____, ____)
1, 6
What is the output of the following code?
python
import random
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
print(random.choice(numbers))
A random element from the list numbers (i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5).
What is the output of this code?
python
import random
random.seed(1)
print(random.random())
random.seed(1)
print(random.random())
The same random floating-point number between 0 and 1 will be printed twice.
What are the differences between the Internet and the World Wide Web?
Internet: The global network infrastructure. | World Wide Web: A service that uses the Internet to access linked hypertext documents.
What are the differences between ASCII and Unicode?
ASCII: Represents characters using 7 or 8 bits. | Unicode: Represents characters using a variable number of bits (up to 4 bytes), supporting a wider range of characters.
What are the differences between positive and negative impacts of the Internet?
Positive: Increased access to information, global communication. | Negative: Privacy concerns, cybersecurity risks.
What are the differences between random.random() and random.randint() in Python?
random.random(): Returns a random float between 0.0 and 1.0. | random.randint(a, b): Returns a random integer between a and b (inclusive).
What are the differences between sequence and selection control structures?
Sequence: Instructions are executed in order. | Selection: Code blocks are executed based on a condition.
What are the differences between lossy and lossless data compression?
Lossy: Some data is lost during compression, reducing file size significantly. | Lossless: All data is preserved during compression, allowing for perfect reconstruction.
What are the differences between a client and a server?
Client: Requests services from a server. | Server: Provides services to clients.
What are the differences between a variable and a constant?
Variable: Its value can change during program execution. | Constant: Its value remains the same throughout program execution.
What are the differences between a compiler and an interpreter?
Compiler: Translates the entire source code into machine code before execution. | Interpreter: Translates and executes the source code line by line.
What are the differences between a firewall and antivirus software?
Firewall: Prevents unauthorized access to a network or computer. | Antivirus: Detects and removes malicious software from a computer.