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What are the differences between lists and dictionaries?
Lists: ordered collections, accessed by index | Dictionaries: unordered, accessed by keys.
What are the differences between linear search and binary search?
Linear Search: Checks each element one by one | Binary Search: Efficient for sorted lists, divides search space in half.
What are the differences between functions and procedures?
Functions: Return values | Procedures: Don't always return values.
What are the differences between HTTP and HTTPS?
HTTP: Transfers web pages without encryption | HTTPS: Secure version with encryption.
What are the differences between TCP and IP?
TCP: Ensures reliable data delivery | IP: Handles addressing.
What are the differences between iteration and sequence?
Iteration: Repeats a block of code | Sequence: Instructions executed in order.
What are the differences between syntax and logic errors?
Syntax Errors: Mistakes in code's grammar | Logic Errors: Mistakes in program's logic.
What are the differences between encryption and hashing?
Encryption: Reversible | Hashing: Not reversible.
What are the differences between positive and negative impacts of computing?
Positive: Improved communication, productivity | Negative: Privacy concerns, job displacement.
What are the differences between bubble sort and merge sort?
Bubble Sort: Simpler, less efficient | Merge Sort: More complex, more efficient for large datasets.
What is the role of routers?
Direct packets to their correct destination on the internet.
What is the purpose of HTTPS?
Secure transfer of web pages, using encryption to protect data.
Explain linear time complexity.
Time increases linearly with input size, denoted as O(n).
Explain logarithmic time complexity.
Time increases logarithmically with input size, denoted as O(log n).
Explain quadratic time complexity.
Time increases quadratically with input size, denoted as O(n^2).
Describe the concept of modularity in programming.
Breaking down a program into smaller, manageable functions.
What are logic errors in programming?
Mistakes in the program's logic, like incorrect conditions or infinite loops.
What are syntax errors in programming?
Mistakes in the code's grammar, like typos or missing punctuation.
What is the purpose of nested conditionals?
Allows for more complex decision-making based on multiple conditions.
What are some ethical considerations in computing?
Bias in algorithms, data privacy, and responsible technology use.
What is an IP address?
A unique address for every device on the internet.
What is DNS?
Domain Name System: translates domain names to IP addresses.
What is TCP/IP?
The fundamental communication protocol suite for the internet.
What is encryption?
Scrambling data to make it unreadable without a decryption key.
What is a firewall?
A security system that monitors and controls network traffic.
What is malware?
Harmful software that can damage your computer or steal data.
What is phishing?
Tricking users into revealing personal information via fake emails/websites.
What is a primitive data type?
Basic data types: integers, floats, booleans, characters.
What is an algorithm?
A step-by-step procedure for solving a problem.
What is data abstraction?
Hiding complex implementation details and showing only essential information.