Data in AP Computer Science Principles
In order to keep track of the order in which patients visit a clinic, which data structure should the receptionist's system use?
Set
Stack
Queue
List
What societal impact has been most strongly associated with mobile computing technologies such as smartphones and tablets?
Diminished face-to-face social interactions due to the convenience of virtual communication.
Heightened security risks stemming from widespread distribution of personal devices as easy targets.
Reduced literacy rates owing to dependency on audio-visual media and digital platforms instead of reading material.
Increased connectivity and accessibility of information anytime, anywhere.
What aspect of abstraction is particularly useful when organizing data structures like arrays or lists?
Sorting every element in order to achieve faster search times.
Making modifications to the original structure mandatory to view changes in real-time.
Requiring explicit memory management at the user level to maintain the integrity of the structures.
Facilitating access and modification of elements based on position rather than requiring manipulation of individual entries.
How does an efficient algorithm benefit the performance of a software application?
It reduces the resources required, such as time and memory.
It extends compatibility with more types of hardware devices.
It increases the number of features available within the application.
It enhances the user interface design for better user experiences.
Which data representation choice could potentially increase the risk of unauthorized access to sensitive information if not properly encrypted?
Two-factor authentication tokens exchanged during logins.
Hashed and salted passwords stored in a database.
Plain text passwords stored in a database.
User data anonymized through tokenization before storage.
What term refers to finding and fixing errors or "bugs" in computer code?
Debugging
Executing
Compiling
Analyzing
When developers are creating new software, which practice demonstrates a commitment to user privacy?
Implementing user consent before collecting personal data.
Maximizing data collection for detailed analytics reports.
Allowing all cookies by default to ensure website functionality.
Using clear text storage for passwords to simplify troubleshooting.

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In computational thinking, what term describes creating step-by-step instructions to solve a problem?
Debugging errors
Performing calculations
Brainstorming ideas
Algorithm design
In a client-server model, what role does DHCP play when a client device connects to a network?
Domain Name System resolves hostnames into IP addresses for the client device.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol assigns an IP address to the client device.
Simple Network Management monitors and manages network devices but does not assign IPs directly.
Network Time Protocol synchronizes clocks of networked devices for the client device.
In what way do 'freemium' models for mobile applications raise economic considerations?
They may create barriers for low-income individuals who cannot afford premium features.
They often lead to decreased app download rates due to perceived lower quality.
They greatly reduce device battery life due to increased app usage.
They encourage excessive spending on unnecessary app upgrades.