Perspectives and How Arguments Relate
If a writer argues that something must be true because it has not been proven false, which logical fallacy are they committing?
Appeal to Ignorance
Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc
False Dichotomy
Circular Reasoning
Which tactic should be avoided when trying to establish credibility in an argumentative essay?
Overgeneralizing from a single example
Acknowledging potential counterarguments
Defining key terms related to your argument
Citing reputable sources for claims made
Which stylistic choice is most likely to weaken an argument’s appeal to a logical audience?
Colloquial expressions
Systematic organization
Formal vocabulary
Factual data
Which example indicates circular reasoning in a political candidate’s campaign speech?
Arguing they are trustworthy because they say honest things and mean what they say.
Using citizen testimonials to illustrate public support for their platform.
Highlighting their legislative track record to prove experience in policymaking.
Presenting data from non-partisan sources regarding their accomplishments in office.
Which rhetorical strategy can undermine an author's credibility if the audience perceives it as overused or inappropriate for the context?
Excessive pathos to invoke emotional response.
Ethical appeals related to the audience's values.
Logical reasoning with clear evidence.
Use of credible expert testimonials.
What kind of reasoning creates a parallel to illustrate a point?
Analogical reasoning
Deductive reasoning
Circular logic
Causal relationship
In debating climate change policy, what flaw might arise if one side argues that there will be economic collapse without immediate action?
False cause by claiming direct causation
Red Herring by introducing irrelevant facts
Ad hominem attack by criticizing opponents character
Catastrophizing without sufficient evidence

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Which punctuation mark is correctly used to join two independent clauses?
Colon
Comma
Semicolon
Apostrophe
What type of flawed reasoning is evident in an advertisement that suggests a product will make you happy simply because celebrities endorse it?
Appeal to logic through clear and factual information about product benefits.
Appeal to false authority or celebrity endorsement as proof of happiness.
Ethical appeal by showing that buying the product supports fair trade practices.
Emotional appeal by demonstrating how the product addresses consumer needs.
A politician states, 'During my term, crime rates have dropped significantly, therefore my policies are directly responsible for improving public safety.' What overlooked logical misstep might undermine this assertion?
Straw man representation exaggerating opponent's positions to weaken arguments against them
Reductive simplification attributing societal phenomena to singular causes while disregarding complexity
Ad hominem diversion focusing on personal character rather than addressing policy implications
Confirmation bias neglecting other variables contributing to societal shifts in crime reduction